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Neuronal Physiology of the Visual Cortex

  • Chapter
Visual Centers in the Brain

Part of the book series: Handbook of Sensory Physiology ((1536,volume 7 / 3 / 3 B))

Abstract

The behaviour of higher mammals and humans in the spatial environment is to a large extent visually guided, and requires form vision and fine discrimination between similar patterns and symbols. This ability seems related to the specificity and complexity of stimuli needed for activation of single neurones of the visual cortex, in contrast to the relatively unselective requirements of retinal and lateral geniculate neurones. The retina and tectum of some lower vertebrates including frogs, pigeons and rabbits, already possess selective cells responding to very specific aspects of stimulation. The class differences are in part connected with the chiasmatic decussation and mechanisms of binocular and stereoptic vision which are prominent in the visual cortex of animals with forward looking rather than laterally placed eyes. They are also associated with the enormously expanded behavioural repertoire of, for instance, primates in comparision to lower vertebrate forms. The complex primate cortex permits a rich interaction and modification of cellular performance according to the momentary needs and disposition of the individual. The opportunities which allow plasticity of performance also unfortunately often lead to response unpredictability, despite careful laboratory controls.

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    Barbara Brooks

  2. Freiburg i. Br., Germany

    Richard Jung

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Brooks, B., Jung, R. (1973). Neuronal Physiology of the Visual Cortex. In: Jung, R. (eds) Visual Centers in the Brain. Handbook of Sensory Physiology, vol 7 / 3 / 3 B. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65495-4_9

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