Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni: Production of Natural Sweeteners

  • Chapter
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants II

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 7))

Abstract

Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni (Fig. 1) is a small perennial shrub of the Compositae family. Estimates of total number of species in the genus ranges from 150 to 300, all distributed in the New World, from the southwestern United States to the northern Argentina (Amat 1982; Soejarto et al. 1983). The native occurrence of Stevia rebaudiana is between 22–24° S and 53–56° W (Sumida 1975), in Paraguay and Brazil. This species was known by the Guarany Indians under several names (Caā-jhe-hē, Caā-heē, Ca-ā-yupê, Azucā-caā, Eira-caā) related to its sweet leaf taste and to its use in sweet beverages and remedies, especially the cooked “mate” (Ilex paraguariensis). Stevia rebaudiana became known by the Europeans due to its discovery by Moises Bertoni in 1899; the chemist Rebaudi was the first to study its chemical characteristics (Felippe 1977).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Akashy H, Yokoyama Y (1975) Dried leaf extracts of Stevia. Toxicological tests. Shokuin Kogyo 18: 34–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez M, Bazzote RBG, Cury R, Bottion LM (1981) Efeito do extrato aquoso da Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni sobre parâmetros bioquímicos de pessoas adultas normals. Arq Biol Tecnol 24 (1): 77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves LM (1975) The gibberelin and the gibberehn-hke substances of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Univ Chicago, Photoduplication Dep, Diss Abstr Inst Bot 36: 3194.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves LM, Ruddat M (1979) The presence of gibberelin A20 in Stevia rebaudiana and its significance for the biological activity of steviol. Plant Cell Physiol 20: 123–130.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amat AG (1982) Los principios edulcorantes de Stevia rebaudiana Bert. Estado actual de su conocimiento. Acta Farm Bonaer 1: 121–123.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bajaj YPS (ed) (1988) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 4. Medicinal and aromatic plants I. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell F (1954) Stevioside: a unique sweetening agent. Chem Ind 32: 897–898.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridel M, Lavieille R (1931a) Sur le principe sucré des feuilles de Kaá-hê-é (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.). CR Acad Sci Paris 192: 1123–1125.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bridel M, Lavieille R (1931b) Sur le principe sucré du Kaá-hê-é (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.). II. Les produits d’hydrolyse diastasique due stevioside: glucose et stéviol. CR Acad Sci Paris 193: 72–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridel M, Lavieille R (1931c) Le principe à saveur screé due Kaá-hê-é(Stevia rebaudiana Bert.). Bull Soc Chim Biol 13: 636–655.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bridel M, Lavieille R (1931d) Le principe à saveur sucrée du Kaá-hê-á (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.). J Pharm Chim 14: 99–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridel M, Lavieille R (1931e) Le principe à saveur sucrée due Kaá-hê-é (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.). J Pharm Chim 14: 154–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang S, Cook J (1983) Stability studies of stevioside and rebaudioside-A in carbonated beverages. (Corp Res Dev Dep Coca-Cola Co.). J Agric Food Chem 31: 409–412.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng T-F, Chang W-H (1983) Studies on the non-stevioside components of Stevia extracts. Ko Hsueh Fa Chan Yueh K’an 11: 96–108.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng T-F, Chang W-H, Chang T-V (1981) Post-harvest changes in stevioside content of Stevia leaves and stems. Natl Sci Counc Mon 9: 775–782.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Czechowiak C, Dubois J, Vasseur J (1984) In vitro culture of Stevia rebaudiana. CR Acad Sci Ser III Sci Vie 298: 173–176.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Darise M, Kohda H, Mizutani K, Kasai R, Tanaka O (1983) Chemical constituents of flowers of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Agric Biol Chem 47: 133–135.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dorfman RI, Nes WR (1960) Anti-androgenic activity of dihidrosteviol. Endocrinology 67: 282–285.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dowa KK (1982) Nonhygroscopic stevioside sweetener. Jpn Patent 57-16782.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubois GE (1982) Sweetening with stevioside analogs. (Dynapol, Palo Alto, Cal) US Patent 82, 4, 332, 830.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubois GE, Dietrich PS, Lee JF (1981) Diterpenoid sweeteners. Synthesis and sensory evaluation of stevioside analogues nondegradable to steviol. J Med Chem 24: 1269–1271.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Felippe GM (1977) Stevia rebaudiana Bert.: uma revisão. Ci Cult 29: 1240–1248.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Felippe GM, Lucas NMC (1971) Estudo da viabihdade dos frutos de Stevia rebaudiana Bert. Hoehnea 1: 95–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Felippe GM, Lucas NMC, Behar L, Oliveira MAC (1971) Observações a respeito da germinação de Stevia rebaudiana Bert. Hoehnea 1: 81–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira CM (1985) Cultura de tecidos de Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni. MSc Thesis, Dep Bot, Inst Bioci, USP, 111 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira CM, Handro W (1987) Some morphogenetic responses of leaf expiants of Stevia rebaudiana cultured in vitro. Revta Brasil Bot 10: 113–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira CM, Handro W (1988a) Micropropagation of Stevia rebaudiana through leaf expiants from adult plants. Planta Medica 54: 157–160.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira CM, Handro W (1988b) Production, maintenance and plant regeneration from cell suspension cultures of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni. P1 Cell Rep 7: 123–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fujita H, Edahiro T (1979) Safety and utilization of Stevia sweetener. Food Ind 22: 65–72.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujita SI, Taka K, Fujita Y (1977) Miscellaneous contributions to the essential oils from various territories. XLI. On the components of the essential oil of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Yakugaku Zasshi 97: 692–694.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gamborg O, Murashige T, Thorpe TA, Vasil IK (1976) Plant tissue culture media. In Vitro 12: 473–478.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Handro W, Hell KG, Kerbauy GB (1977) Tissue culture of Stevia rebaudiana, a sweetening plant. Planta Medica 32: 115–117.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashimoto Y, Moriyasu M, Nakamura S, Ishiguro S, Komuro M (1978) High performance liquid chromatographic determination of Stevia components on a hydrophilic packed column. J Chromatogr 161: 403–405.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsing YI, Su WF, Chang WC (1983) Accumulation of stevioside and rebaudioside A in callus cultures of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Bot Bull Acad Sin 24: 115–119.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ishiba S, Yokoyama T, Tani T (1982) Black spot diesease caused by Alternaria stevial. Ann Phytopathol Soc Jpn 48: 44–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishii EL, Bracht A (1984) Stevia rebaudiana. Natural products and hver metabolism. I. Effect of steviol and stevioside on glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in perfused rat liver. Arq Biol Tec 27: 170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishima N, Katayama O (1976) Sensory evaluation of stevioside as a sweetener. Rep Natl Food Resp Inst 31: 80–85.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ishima N, Sugui H, Sumida T, Mihashi H, Kawai F, Sato C, Koga T, Yamazaki M (1984) Report of an investigation for characterization of new varieties of Stevia. Agric Psiculture Int Assoc Jpn.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishima T, Katayama O, Yokoyama Y (1978) Sensory evaluation of Stevia sweeteners. 5th Int Congr Food science and technology, Kyoto, p 158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwamura J, Komai K (1983) Diterpene glycosides as plant growth regulators. Kinki Univ. Jpn Patent 58-85806.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaneda A, Kubomura T, Miyazaki K, Wako K, Takahashi C, Senda S (1977 a) New sweetener from Stevia. Nikken Chemicals Co. Ltd. Jpn Patent 52-110871.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaneda N, Kasai R, Yamasaki K, Tanaka O (1977b) Chemical studies on sweet diterpene glucosides of Stevia rebaudiana: Conversion of stevioside into rebaudioside-A. Chem Pharm Bull 25: 2466–2467.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kasai R, Kaneda N, Tanaka O, Yamasaki K, Sakamoto I, Morimoto K, Okada S, Kitahata S, Furukawa H (1981) Sweet diterpene glycosides of leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Synthesis and structure. Sweeteness relation of rebaudioside-A,D and E and their related glycosides. Nippon Kagaku Kaishi 5: 726–735.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelmer-Bracht AM, Alvarez M, Bracht A (1984) Effect of stevioside and its derivatives on rat liver mitochondria. Braz J Med Biol Res 16: 521.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelmer-Bracht AM, Kemmelmeier FS, Ishii EL, Alvarez M, Bracht A (1985) Effect of Stevia rebaudiana natural products on cellular and sub-cellular metabohsm. Arq Biol Tec 28: 431–455.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemmelmeier FS, Yamamoto NS, Alvarez M, Bracht A (1983) Physiologic effects of Stevia rebaudiana natural products: effect on glycolysis of erythroid cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 16: 520.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr WE, Mello MLS, Bonadio E (1983) Testes de ação mutagênica do esteviosídeo da Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni. Rev Bras Genet VI, 1: 173–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinghorn AD, Soejarto DD (1985) Current status of stevioside as a sweetening agent for human use. In: Wagner H, Hikino H, Farnsworth NR eds Economic and medicinal plant research, vol 1. Academic Press, London New York, 1–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi M, Horikawa S, Degrandi IN, Ueno J, Mitsuhashi H (1977) Dulcosides A and B, new diterpene glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana. Phytochemistry 16: 1405–1408.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kohchi S, Kada T, Nishioka H, Yahagi T, Ishidato M, Tajima Y, Endo H, Yoshikawa K, Sugisawa T, Sasaki M (1977) Annu report of cancer research, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Jpn, pp 773-774.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohda H, Kasai R, Yamasaki K, Murakami K, Tanaka O (1976) New sweet diterpene glucosides from Stevia rebaudiana. Phytochemistry 15: 981–983.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Komai K, Iwamura JI (1983) Effects of stevioside and its relative compounds on growth of rice and lettuce seedlings. J Pestic Sci (Nihon Noyaku Gakkaishi) 8: 445–450.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Komatsu K, Nozaki W, Takemura M, Nakaminami M (Kibun Co. Ltd.) (1976) Jpn Patent 51-19169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koshiro Chujiro SKK (1980) Stevia components as sweetening agents and antibiotics. Jpn Patent 55-92323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kotani C (Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.) (1980) Steviosides. Jpn Patent 55-19009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krikorian AD (1982) Cloning higher plants from aseptically cultured tissue and cells. Biol Rev 57: 151–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kudo M, Koga Y (1977) Photoperiodic response and its variation in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Nettai Nogyo 20: 211–217.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kurahashi H, Yamagushi Y, Tsuzuki S, Maehashi H (1982) Pharmacological studies of stevioside. Matsumoto Shigaku 8: 56–62.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JI, Kang KH, Park HW, Ham YS, Park CH (1980) Studies on the new sweetening resource plant Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) in Korea II. Effect of fertilizer apphcation level and planting density on the dry leaf yields and some agronomic characteristics of Stevia. Res Rep Off Rural Dev 22 (Crop): 138–144.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KR, Park JR, Choi BS, Han JS, Oh Sang L, Yamada Y (1982) Studies on the callus culture of Stevia as a new sweetening source and formation of stevioside. Hanguk Sikp, um Kwahakhoe Chi Korean 14 (2): 179–183.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SJ, Lee KR, Park JR, Kim KS, Tchai BS (1979) A study on the safety of stevioside as a new sweetening source. Korean J Food Sci Technol 11: 224–231.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linsmaier EM, Skoog F (1965) Organic growth factor requirements of tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 18: 100–127.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marutoku Scito KK (1982) Low calorie sweetening agents. Jpn Patent 57-125699.

    Google Scholar 

  • Metivier J, Viana AM (1979) Determination of microgram quantities of stevioside from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. J Exp Bot 30: 805–810.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miguel O (1966) Un nuevo hipoglicemiante oral. Rev Med Paraguay 7: 200–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitsuhashi H (1976) Safety of stevioside. In: Tama Biochemical Co. Ltd. (ed) Report on safety of Stevia (1981), pp 9-10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitsuhashi H, Ueno J, Sumida T (1975a) Studies on the cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana. Determination of stevioside I. Yakugaku Zasshi 95: 127–130.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitsuhashi H, Ueno J, Sumida T (1975b) Studies on the cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana. Determination of stevioside II. Yakugaku Zasshi 95: 1501–1503.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyagawa H, Fujita Y, Fujioca N, Kohda H, Yamasaki K (1984) Studies on the tissue culture of Stevia rebaudiana and its components. Shoyakugaku Zasshi 38: 12–18.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyagawa H, Fugioka N, Yamasaki K, Taniguchi K, Tanaka R (1986) Studies on the tissue culture of Stevia rebaudiana and its components; (II) Induction of shoot primordia, Planta Medica 52:321–323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyazaki Y, Watanabe H, Watanabe T (1978) The cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. III Yield and stevioside content of 2-year-old plants. Eisei Shikeusho Hokoku 96: 86–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mizukami H, Shiiba K, Ohashi H (1982) Enzymatic determination of stevioside in Stevia rebaudiana. Phytochemistry 21: 1927–1930.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monteiro R (1980) Taxonomia e biologia da reprodução da Stevia rebaudiana Bert. Thesis, Univ Estadual de Campinas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mori N, Sokanone M, Takeuchi M, Shimpo K, Tanabe T (1981) Effect of stevioside on fertility in rats (Safety Res Inst Chem Comp, Sapporo, Jpn) Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 22:409–414.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morita E (1978) Taste improvement of hcorice sweetener with Stevia glicoside A3. (Morita Kagaku Kogio Co. Ltd.) Jpn Patent 53-59074.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morita Kagaku Kogio Co. Ltd. (ed) (1982a) Activation of α-amilase and promotion of α-amilase production. Jpn Patent 57-206389.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morita Kagaku Kogio Co. Ltd. (ed) (1982 b) Stevia extracts as plant growth regulators. Jpn Patent 57-206603.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morita Kagaku Kogio Co. Ltd. (ed) (1982 c) Stevia extracts as plant growth regulators. Jpn Patent 57-183705.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosettig E, Ness WR (1955) Stevioside II. The structure of the aglucon. J Org Chem 20: 884–899.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mosettig E, Beglinger V, Dolder F, Lichti H, Quitti P, Waters JA (1963) The absolute configuration of steviol and isosteviol. J Am Chem Soc 85: 2305–2309.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15: 473–497.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murayama S, Kayano R, Myazato K, Nose A (1980) Studies on the cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana: 2. Effects of the amount of fertilizer, plant density, position of the cutting and seedling clone on growth and yield. Sci Bull Coll Agric Univ Ryukus 0: 1–8 (Biol Abs 72(4) Ref 23186).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nabeta K, Kasai T, Sugisawa H (1976) Phytosterol from the callus of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Agric Biol Chem 40: 2103–2104.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura S, Tamura Y (1985) Variation in the main glycosides of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). Jpn J Trop Agric 29: 109–116.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nikken Chemicals Co. Ltd. (1982) Improvement of stevioside sweetener flavor. Jpn Patent 57-150358.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch JP (1969) Experimental androgenesis in Nicotiana. Phytomorphology 19: 389–404.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochi T, Shimizu T (1978) Stevia taste improvement. (San-Ei Chemical industries, Ltd.). Jpn Patent 53-148573.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogonto KK (1980) Flavor improvement of Stevia sweeteners. Jpn Patent 55-88675.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogonto KK (1981) Taste improvement of Stevia sweeteners agents. Jpn Patent 56-55174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okumura M, Fugita Y, Imamura M, Ayakawa K (1978) Studies on the safety of stevioside with recassay and reversion test. Shokuhin Eiseigoku Zasshi 19: 486–490.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oviedo CA, Fronciani G, Moreno R, Maas LC (1971) Accion hipoghcemiante de la Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (Kaá-hê-é). Exerp Med 209: 93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pezzuto JM, Compadre CM, Swanson SM, Dhamika Nanayakkara NP, Kinghorn D (1985) Metabolically activated steviol, the aglycone of stevioside, is mutagenic. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 2478–2482.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Planas GM, Kuć J (1968) Contraceptive properties of Stevia rebaudiana. Science 162: 1007.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pomaret MMM, Lavieille R (1931) Le principe à saveur surcé du Kaa-hê-é (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). IV. Quelques propriétés physiologiques due stévioside. Bull Soc Chem Biol 13: 1248–1253.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reinert J, Yeoman MM (1982) Plant cell and tissue culture — a laboratory manual. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 83 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruddat M, Lang A, Mosettig E (1963) Gibberellin activity of steviol, a plant terpenoid. Naturwissenschaften 50: 23.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saitsuga H (1982) Use of steviosides in processed foods. Jpn Food Sci 21: 24–30.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakaguchi M, Kan T (1982) Japanese researches on Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni and stevioside. Ci Cult 34: 235–248.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto I, Kohda H, Murakami K, Tanaka O (1975) Quantitative analysis of stevioside. Yakugaku Zasshi 95: 1507.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto I, Yamasaki K, Tanaka O (1977 a) Apphcation of 13C NMR spectroscopy to chemistry of natural glycosides: Rebaudioside-C, a new sweet diterpene glycoside of Stevia rebaudiana. Chem Pharm Bull 25:844–846.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto I, Yamasaki K, Tanaka O (1977b) Application of 13C NMR spectroscopy to chemistry of plant glycosides: Rebaudioside-D and E, new sweet diterpene glycosides of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Chem Pharm Bull 25: 3437–3439.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sazaki K, Murakami K (1977) Improvement of test of artificial sweetener with waste from stevioside manufacture. (Sanyo Kokusaku Pulp. Co. Ltd.). Jpn Patent 52-47960.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schvartzman JB, Krimer DB, Moreno Azorero R (1977) Cytological effects of some medicinal plants used in the control of fertility. Experientia 33: 663–665.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu T, Ochi T (1978) Stevia sweetener improvement (San-EI Chemical Industries Ltd.). Jpn Patent 53-148573.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sholichin M, Yamazaki K, Miyama R, Yahara S, Tanaka O (1980) Labdane-type diterpenes from Stevia rebaudiana. Phytochemistry 19: 326–327.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soejarto DD, Compadre CM, Medon PJ, Kamath SK, Kinghorn AD (1983) Potential sweetening agents of plant origin. II. Field search for sweet-tasting Stevia species. Econ Bot 37: 71–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sumida T (1975) Shinkanmishigen sakumotsu stevia ni tsuite. Jpn J Crop Sci 25: 186–187.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sumida T (1980) Studies on Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni as a new possible crop for sweetening resource in Japan. J Central Agric Exp Stn 31: 1–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki H, Ikeda T, Matsumoto T, Noguchi M (1976) Isolation and identification of rutin from cultured cells of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Agric Biol Chem 40: 819–820.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki H, Kasai T, Sumihara M, Sugisawa H (1977) Influence of oral administration of stevioside on levels of blood glucose and glycogen of intact rats. Nippon Nogei Kagaku Kaishi 51: 171–173.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tama Biochemical Co. Ltd. (ed) (1981) Safety of Stevia. Spec Bull, pp 1-20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamura Y, Nakamura S, Fukui H, Tabata M (1984a) Clonal propagation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni by stem-tip culture. Plant Cell Rep 3: 183–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamura Y, Nakamura S, Fukui H, Tabata M (1984b) Comparison of Stevia plants grown from seeds, cuttings and stem-tip cultures for growth and sweet diterpenes glucosides. Plant Cell Rep 3: 180–182.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka O (1982) Steviol-glycosides: new natural sweeteners. Trends Anal Chem 1: 246–248.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toffler F, Orio OA (1981) Acceni suUa pianta tropicale “Kaá-hê-é” ou “erba dolce”. Rev Soc It Sci Aliment 4: 225–230.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ueda M, Weffort RMM, Zubioli A, Bersani Amado CA, Bazote R, Gaeti WP, Alvarez M (1983) Efeito do extrato aquoso da Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni sobre o teste de tolerância a glucose em ratos normais adultos. Rev Unimar 5: 111–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uehara OA, Utino VH, Miyata I, Oliveira Filho RM (1982) Interação do steviosideo com andrógenos. II Seminário Brasileiro sobre Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni XII: 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Utsonomiya T (1977) Cultivation of Stevia containing sweetening agents. Nogyo Oyobi Engei 52: 543–547.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valio IFM, Rocha RF (1966) Effect of photoperiod and growth regulators on growth and flowering of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Jpn J Crop Sci 46: 243–248.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vignais PV, Duee ED, Vignais PM, Huet J (1966) Effects of atractyligenin and its structural analogues on oxidative phosphorylation and on the translocation of adenine nucleotides in mitochondria. Biochem Biophys Acta 118: 465–483.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wada Y, Tamura T, Kodama T, Yamada T, Ushida Y (1981) CaUus cultures and morphogenesis of Stevia rebaudiana. Yukagaku 30: 215–219.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White P (1963) Cultivation of animal and plant ceUs. Ronald, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Windholz M (ed) (1983) The Merck index. Merck & Co. Inc. Rahway, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wingard RE, Brown UP, Enderlin FE, Dale JA, Hale RL, Scitz CT (1980) Intestinal degradation and absorption of the glycosidic sweeteners stevioside and rebaudioside-A. Experientia 36: 519–520.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wood HB, AUerton R, Diehl HW, Fletcher HG (1955) Stevioside I. The structure of the glucose moieties. J Organ Chem 20: 875–883.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yabu M, Takase M, Toda K, Tanimoto K, Yasutake I, Iwamoto Y (1977) Studies on stevioside, natural sweetener. Effect on the growth of some oral microorganisms. Hiroshima Daigaku Shigaku Zasshi 9: 12–17.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto NS, Kelmer-Bracht AM, Ishii EL, Kemmelmeier FS, Alvarez M, Bracht A (1985) Effect of steviol and its structural analogs on glucose production and oxygen uptake in rat renal tubules. Experientia 41: 55–57.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamazaki K, Kohda H, Kobayashi T, Kasai R, Tanaka O (1976) Structures of Stevia diterpenes glucosides: apphcation of carbon-13 NMR. Tetrahedron Lett 13: 1005–1008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang Y-M, Chang W-C (1979) In vitro plant regeneration from leaf expiants of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Z Pflanzenphysiol 93: 337–343.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang Y-M, Hsing Y-I, Chang W-C (1981) Clonal propagation of Stevia rebaudiana through axillary shoot prohferation in vitro. Bot Bull Acad Sim 22: 57–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaidan LBP, Dietrich SMC, Felippe GM (1980) Effect of photoperiod on flowering and stevioside content in plants of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Jpn J Crop Sci 49: 569–574.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, CP 11461, 05499, São Paulo, Brazil

    C. M. Ferreira

Authors
  1. W. Handro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. M. Ferreira
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. A-137, New Friends Colony, New Delhi, 110065, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Handro, W., Ferreira, C.M. (1989). Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni: Production of Natural Sweeteners. In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants II. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 7. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73617-9_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73617-9_26

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-73619-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73617-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation