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Inhibition of Chitin Metabolism

  • Conference paper
Biochemistry of Cell Walls and Membranes in Fungi

Abstract

Chitin, the (l→4)-β-linked homopolymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, is a characteristic component of the cell walls of nearly all zoopathogenic and phytopathogenic fungi, and also of the skeletal structures of most invertebrates. As vertebrates and higher plants do not produce this polysaccharide, chitin metabolism is an attractive target for antifungal agents and pesticides (Gooday 1977). A clear analogy is with the peptidoglycan of bacterial walls, the synthesis of which is inhibited by many antibacterial agents, notably the β-lactams, and the structure of which is attacked by the defensive enzyme, lysozyme. In the case of chitin we find that nature has exploited the potential of chitin as a target, with the antifungal antibiotics, polyoxins and nikkomycins, produced by streptomycetes isolated from soil, and with chitinases being used as defense enzymes by plants and animals. The antifungal actions to be discussed here, of the very specific polyoxins and nikkomycins and of purified chitinases, are ample proof of the essential nature of chitin in fungal growth.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Marischal College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB9 1AS, Scotland

    G. W. Gooday

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  1. G. W. Gooday
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  1. Sittingbourne Research Centre, Shell Research Ltd., ME9 8AG, Sittingbourne, Kent, UK

    Paul J. Kuhn  & Michael W. Goosey  & 

  2. Microbiology Group Department of Cell & Structural Biology School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK

    Anthony P. J. Trinci

  3. Dow Agricultural Products, R & D, Letcombe Laboratory, Letcombe Regis, OX12 9JT, Wantage, Oxfordshire, UK

    Michel J. Jung  & Leonard G. Copping  & 

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© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Gooday, G.W. (1990). Inhibition of Chitin Metabolism. In: Kuhn, P.J., Trinci, A.P.J., Jung, M.J., Goosey, M.W., Copping, L.G. (eds) Biochemistry of Cell Walls and Membranes in Fungi. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74215-6_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74215-6_5

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