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Caste Development, Reproductive Strategies, and Control of Fertility in Honey Bees and Stingless Bees

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Social Insects

Abstract

In the highly eusocial honey bees (Apinae) and stingless bees (Meliponinae) marked caste syndromes have evolved. The typical queen and worker characteristics are different from one another not just with regard to the reproductive organs but include many other morphological, physiological, and behavioral differences as well. These striking caste distinctions are the result of postembryonic divergences in development which depend on ecological conditions, mainly on the external factor of larval nutrition. Caste development in social insects in general belongs to the widespread phenomena of insect polymorphism and, in accordance with environmental control, castes in bees were called ecomorphs (de Wilde and Wirtz 1974; de Wilde 1975). The trophogenic basis for caste induction is provided by the nursing workers, although in a colony brood rearing including gyne production is strongly influenced by the queen. The queen also rigidly controls all reproduction of the workers. On the other hand, her own reproductive output depends completely on the helper functions of the workers, her daughters.

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  1. Zoologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Deutschland

    Wolf Engels

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    Vera L. Imperatriz-Fonseca

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Engels, W., Imperatriz-Fonseca, V.L. (1990). Caste Development, Reproductive Strategies, and Control of Fertility in Honey Bees and Stingless Bees. In: Engels, W. (eds) Social Insects. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74490-7_9

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