Abstract
It is very important for semiconductor lasers to have stable transverse and longitudinal modes in order to obtain reliable performance. This is achieved by using an index waveguide structure. One of the most common techniques to control the longitudinal mode is to equip the inside of the device with a grating structure, created by overgrowth epitaxy. The LPE growth technique is the most suitable for this purpose. This is partly due to the phenomenon that LPE tends to flatten the surface, which is remarkable in comparison with other epitaxial growth techniques. This feature greatly helps in the fabrication of transverse-mode-controlled structures such as V-groove structures, buried heterostructures, Distributed FeedBack (DFB) and Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) structures. The theory behind stabilizing transverse and longitudinal modes and its importance will be explained. Next, structured epitaxial techniques will be summarized in Sects.9.3–6, and the fabrication of multilayer structures will be described in Sects.9.7 and 8.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
R. Ulrich, R.J. Martin: Appl. Opt. 9, 2077 (1971)
K. Kishino, S. Kinoshita, S. Konno, T. Tako: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 22, L473 (1983)
K. Aiki, M. Nakamura, T. Kuroda, J. Umeda: Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 649 (1977)
K. Iga, Y. Suematsu: 1st Europ. Conf. on Integr. Opt., London (1981) p. 70
H. Kogelnik, C. Shank: J. Appl. Phys. 43, 2323 (1972)
K. Utaka, S. Akiba, K. Sakai, Y. Matsushima: IEEE J. QE-22, 1042 (1986)
K. Utaka, K. Kobayashi, F. Koyama, Y. Abe, Y. Suematsu: Electron. Lett. 17, 983 (1981)
Y. Tohmori, H. Oohashi, T. Kato, S. Arai, K. Komori, Y. Suematsu: Electron. Lett. 22, 138 (1986)
K. Komori, S. Arai, Y. Suematsu, I. Arima, M. Aoki: IEEE J. 25, 1235 (1989)
S. Iida, K. Ito. J. Electrochem. Soc. 118, 768 (1971)
Y. Tarui, Y. Komiya, Y. Harada: J. Electrochem. Soc. 118, 118 (1971)
T. Kambayashi, C. Kitahara, K. Iga: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 19, 79 (1980)
K. Kishino, Y. Suematsu, Y. Takahashi, T. Tanbun-Ek, Y. Itaya: IEEE J. QE-16, 160 (1980)
J.J. Hsieh, C.C. Shen: Appl. Phys. Lett. 30, 429 (1977)
Y. Itaya, T. Tanbun-Ek, K. Kishino, S. Arai, Y. Suematsu: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 19, L141 (1980)
S. Yamamoto, Y. Kurata, S. Matsui, T. Hayakawa, S. Yano, T. Hijikata: Papers of Tech. Group of IECE Electron. Devices ED 79–50, 49 (1979)
R.D. Burnham, D.R. Scifres: Appl. Phys. Lett. 27, 510 (1975)
T. Sugino, K. Itoh, M. Wada, H. Shimizu, I. Teramoto: IEEE J. QE-15, 714 (1979)
H. Ishikawa, H. Imai, T. Tanahashi, Y. Nishitani, M. Takusagawa, K. Tanahei: Electron. Lett. 17, 465 (1981)
A. Doi, N. Chinone, K. Aiki, R. Ito: Appl. Phys. Lett. 34, 393 (1979)
K. Moriki, K. Wakao, K. Kitamura, K. Iga, Y. Suematsu: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 15, 293 (1976)
I. Mito, M. Kitamura, Ken. Kobayashi, S. Murata, M. Seki, Y. Odagiri, H. Nishimoto, M. Yamaguchi, Ko. Kobayashi: J. Lightwave Tech. LT-1, 195 (1983)
Z. Liau, J. Walpole: Appl. Phys. Lett. 40, 568 (1982)
Y. Hirayama, H. Furuyama, H. Okuda: Int’l Symp. GaAs and Related Compounds, Karuizawa (1985)
B. Broberg, F. Koyama, Y. Tohmor, Y. Suematsu: Electron. Lett. 20, 692 (1984)
Z.L. Liau, J.N. Walpole: Appl. Phys. Lett. 46, 115 (1985)
Z.L. Liau, J.N. Walpole, V. Diadiuk: 11th IEEE Int’l Semiconductor Laser Conf., Boston, MA (1988) Paper N-4, p. 168
S. Arai, M. Asada, Y. Suematsu, Y. Itaya, T. Tanbun-Ek, K. Kishino: Electron. Lett. 16, 349 (1980)
S. Kinoshita, K. Iga: IEEE J. QE-23, 882 (1987)
A. Ibaraki, K. Kawashima, K. Furusawa, T. Ishikawa, T. Yamaguchi, T. Niina: Integ. Opt. and Opt. Fib. Commun., Kobe (1989) Paper 18B1–3
P. Besomi, R. Wilson, W. Wagner, R. Nelson: J. Appl. Phys. 54, 535 (1983)
S. Takahashi, H. Nagai: J. Cryst. Growth 51, 502 (1981)
J. Kinoshita, H. Okuda, Y. Uematsu: Electron. Lett. 19, 215 (1983)
M. Asada, A. Kameyama, Y. Suematsu: IEEE J. QE-20, 745 (1984)
Y. Sasai, N. Hase, M. Ogura, T. Kajiwara: J. Appl. Phys. 59, 28 (1986)
N. Dutta, D. Craft, S. Napholtz: Appl. Phys. Lett. 46, 123 (1985)
A. Chailertvanitkul, K. Iga, K. Moriki: Electron. Lett. 21, 303 (1985)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Iga, K., Kinoshita, S. (1996). Mode-Control Techniques in Semiconductor Lasers. In: Process Technology for Semiconductor Lasers. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 30. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79576-3_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79576-3_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-79578-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-79576-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive