Abstract
Despite the apparent lack of effect, people frequently talk to their machines. To replace such fruitless monologs with productive dialogs is probably the most important and most ambitious goal of artificial intelligence. Since nearly all of man’s intellectual activities involve language, a full mechanical language processing capability would seem to imply competence in most aspects of human intelligence.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
McCalla, Gordon L, and Sampson, Jeffrey R. “MUSE: A Model to Understand Simple English.” Communications of the ACM, 15, 1972, pp. 29–40. An improved version of Quillian’s TLC system.
Minsky, Marvin (ed.). Semantic Information Processing. MIT Press, 1968. A collection of early papers, mostly abridged versions of MIT Ph.D. theses. Many important early systems are described, including Raphael’s SIR and Quillian’s thesis model.
Quillian, M. Ross. “The Teachable Language Comprehender: A simulation program and theory of language.” Communications of the ACM, 12, 1969, pp. 459–476. The basic description of TLC.
Schank, Roger C. “Conceptual Dependency: A theory of natural language understanding.” Cognitive Psychology, 3, 1972, pp. 552–631. A thorough discussion of Schank’s theory at an intermediate stage of its development.
Schank, Roger C. The Fourteen Primitive Actions and their Inferences. Stanford Artificial Intelligence Memo AIM-183, March, 1973. A full discussion of the role of ACTs in Conceptual Dependency Theory.
Schank, Roger C., and Colby, Kenneth M. (eds.), Computer Models of Thought and Language. Freeman, 1973. A recent collection of papers, including major contributions by Schank, Winograd, and other workers in the field.
Turing, A. M., “Computing machinery and intelligence” Mind, 59, 1950, pp. 433–460. Reprinted in the Feigenbaum and Feldman collection (see the Chapter 12 Bibliography). The Turing test, proposed and defended.
Weizenbaum, Joseph. “ELIZA—A computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine.” Communications of the ACM, 9, 1966, pp. 36–45. The original description of ELIZA.
Winograd, Terry. “Understanding natural language.” Cognitive Psychology, 3, 1972, pp. 1–191. The entire issue devoted to a condensation of Winograd’s thesis. The same material has been published as a book (Understanding Natural Language, 1972) by Academic Press.
Winograd, Terry. Five Lectures on Artificial Intelligence. Stanford Artificial Intelligence Memo AIM-246, September, 1974.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1976 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sampson, J.R. (1976). Natural language processing. In: Adaptive Information Processing. Texts and Monographs in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85501-6_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85501-6_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-85503-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-85501-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive