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Sonophoresis: Ultrasound-Mediated Transdermal Drug Delivery

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Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Physical Methods in Penetration Enhancement

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery offers a patient-compliant mode of drug administration. Its applications, however, are limited to low-molecular-weight hydrophobic drugs. Application of ultrasound has been shown to enhance transdermal transport of drugs, a phenomenon known as sonophoresis. Ultrasound under various conditions has been used to perform sonophoresis. The use of low-frequency ultrasound (f < 100 kHz) is particularly effective in enhancing skin permeability. Low-frequency sonophoresis has been shown to enhance skin permeability to various small and large molecules including proteins. A device based on low-frequency ultrasound has also been approved for human use. This chapter provides an overview of the historical perspective, mechanisms, and applications of low-frequency ultrasound.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA

    Samir Mitragotri

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  1. Apoteka “Beograd”, Belgrade, Serbia

    Nina Dragicevic

  2. San Francisco, California, USA

    Howard I. Maibach

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Mitragotri, S. (2017). Sonophoresis: Ultrasound-Mediated Transdermal Drug Delivery. In: Dragicevic, N., I. Maibach, H. (eds) Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Physical Methods in Penetration Enhancement. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53273-7_1

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