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Promiscuous Organellar DNA

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Genomics of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 35))

Summary

Endosymbiotic transfer of DNA from the cytoplasmic organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts) to the nucleus has been a major factor driving the origin of new nuclear genes, a process central to eukaryote evolution. Typically, transfer of organelle DNA to the nucleus is quickly followed by decay, deletion and rearrangement. However, in rare instances these new sequences lead to functional relocation of organelle genes to the nucleus or the generation of genes with novel function. Similar transfer of chloroplast DNA has also added to the complexity of plant mitochondrial genomes. Significantly, these processes are ongoing, making promiscuous organellar DNA an important contributor to the continued evolution of plant genomes.

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Abbreviations

CaMV:

Cauliflower mosaic virus;

DSB:

Double strand break;

GUS:

β-glucuronidase;

mtpt :

– Mitochondrial integrant of plastid DNA;

MYA:

Million years ago;

NHEJ:

Non-homologous end joining;

norg – :

Nuclear integrant of organellar DNA;

numt – :

Nuclear integrant of mitochondrial DNA;

nupt – :

Nuclear integrant of plastid DNA;

TAIL-PCR:

Thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR;

T-DNA:

Transfer DNA;

TOC/TIC:

Translocase at the outer/inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts;

TOM/TIM:

Translocase at the outer/inner envelope membrane of mitochondria

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Australian Research Council for financial support (Grants DP0667006 and DP0986973). This chapter is not intended to be an exhaustive review of the topic. Therefore we apologise for omitting citation and discussion of some important research contributions in the interest of brevity. We thank David Adelson for discussion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, South-Australia, 5005, Australia

    Andrew H. Lloyd, Mathieu Rousseau-Gueutin, Jeremy N. Timmis & Anna E. Sheppard

  2. Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78026, Versailles, France

    Andrew H. Lloyd

  3. Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, 24118, Kiel, Germany

    Anna E. Sheppard

  4. CSIRO Division of Plant Industry, 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia

    Michael A. Ayliffe

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  1. Andrew H. Lloyd
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  2. Mathieu Rousseau-Gueutin
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  3. Jeremy N. Timmis
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  4. Anna E. Sheppard
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  5. Michael A. Ayliffe
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Correspondence to Jeremy N. Timmis .

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  1. AM MUEHLENBERG 1, POTSDAM-GOLM 14476, Germany

    Ralph Bock

  2. Inst. Zelluläre und Molekulare, Botanik (IZMB), Universität Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, 53115, Germany

    Volker Knoop

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Lloyd, A.H., Rousseau-Gueutin, M., Timmis, J.N., Sheppard, A.E., Ayliffe, M.A. (2012). Promiscuous Organellar DNA. In: Bock, R., Knoop, V. (eds) Genomics of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 35. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2920-9_9

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