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The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor

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The Immunoglobulin Receptors and their Physiological and Pathological Roles in Immunity

Part of the book series: Immunology and Medicine Series ((IMME,volume 26))

Abstract

IgA is the primary immunoglobulin found in a wide range of epithelial and mucosal secretions, including milk, saliva, intestinal secretions, bile, respiratory secretions, and tears [1]. Over 30 years ago it was observed that IgA isolated from such secretions contains an extra polypeptide of about 70 kDa, known as secretory component (SC) [2]. SC is synthesized by the epithelial cell and associates with dimeric IgA (dIgA) as it is transported across the epithelial cell. It was subsequently discovered that SC is a proteolytic fragment of an integral membrane protein, known as the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) [3]. The basic model for the transepithelial transport of dIgA by the pIgR is shown in Figure 5.1. The pIgR is synthesized as an integral membrane protein in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and then travels to the Golgi apparatus. In the last station of the Golgi, known as the trans-Golgi network (TGN), the pIgR is sorted into vesicles that deliver it to the basolateral surface of the epithelial cell. At that surface the pIgR can bind to dIgA that is produced by plasma cells in the lamina propria underlying the epithelium. The pIgR and bound dIgA are then endocytosed and delivered to endosomes. The receptor and ligand move through a series of endocytotic and transcytotic vesicles and are ultimately delivered to the apical plasma membrane. There the extracellular, ligand binding portion of the pIgR is cleaved and released together with the dIgA into external secretions. This cleaved fragment is the SC.

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Authors
  1. C. Kaetzel
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  2. K. Mostov
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Jan G. J. van de Winkel

  2. Austin Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia

    P. Mark Hogarth

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Kaetzel, C., Mostov, K. (1998). The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor. In: van de Winkel, J.G.J., Hogarth, P.M. (eds) The Immunoglobulin Receptors and their Physiological and Pathological Roles in Immunity. Immunology and Medicine Series, vol 26. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5018-7_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5018-7_5

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