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The Role of Ca2+ in the Binding of Carbohydrates to C-Type Lectins as Revealed by Molecular Mechanics and Molecular Dynamics Calculations

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Molecular Modeling and Dynamics of Bioinorganic Systems

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASHT,volume 41))

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Abstract

Lectins constitute a structurally diverse class of proteins or glycoproteins which are characterized by their ability to bind carbohydrates with considerable specificity [1–3]. They are found in various organisms, ranging from viruses, bacteria and plants to humans. There is increasing evidence that carbohydrate-lectin interactions have a fundamental role in cell adhesion processes [4,5], cell proliferation [6], organogenesis and human pathology. Lectins merely bind but do not process carbohydrates. In contrast to, for example, antibodies, which can also bind carbohydrates, lectins are produced constitutively and not as a result of an external stimulus [7,8]. Lectins have been grouped into classes of discrete families based on homologies in their primary structures [9]. Although the number of reported animal lectins continues to increase, a recent classification [9] indicates that most fall into one of five major groups: the Ca2+-dependent (C-type) lectins, the galectins (galactose binding proteins), the mannose-6-phosphate-binding (P-type) lectins, and the immunoglobolin-like (I-type) lectins including sialoadhesins and L-type lectins, related in sequence to the leguminous plant lectins. While the overall architecture of the lectins widely varies, carbohydrate-binding activity can often be assigned to one part of the structure, called a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). C-type CRDs are present in a diverse array of protein structures which have been found in serum, extracellular matrix and membranes of animals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Spectroscopic Department, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Claus-Wilhelm Von Der Lieth

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  1. Claus-Wilhelm Von Der Lieth
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Lucia Banci

  2. Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Peter Comba

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Von Der Lieth, CW. (1997). The Role of Ca2+ in the Binding of Carbohydrates to C-Type Lectins as Revealed by Molecular Mechanics and Molecular Dynamics Calculations. In: Banci, L., Comba, P. (eds) Molecular Modeling and Dynamics of Bioinorganic Systems. NATO ASI Series, vol 41. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5171-9_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5171-9_8

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