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Field Performance of Banana Micropropagules and Somaclones

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Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement

Part of the book series: Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture ((PSBA,volume 32))

Abstract

Banana and plantain (Musa spp. L.) are giant perennial herbs that thrive in the humid tropics and subtropics. The cultivated banana is mostly triploid (2n = 3x = 33), although diploid and tetraploid cultivars occur in much lower numbers. Its fruit provides one of the major commodities in international trade, but is far more important as a starchy staple food in local economies (Stover and Simmonds, 1987). However, production is threatened by pest and disease pressure, which have been increasing during the past 20 years. Most alarming has been the spread of more virulent forms of the fungal diseases black sigatoka leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet) and fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht, f.sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) Snyd. & Hans.). In response to these production constraints, efforts aimed at the genetic improvement of Musa have gained renewed interest (Persley and De Langhe, 1987; Rowe and Rosales, 1996; Vuylsteke et al, 1993a, 1997). Musa genetic improvement by conventional hybridization is, however, complex and difficult as it is burdened with obstacles typical of polyploid, vegetatively propagated crops, among which the trisomie pattern of gene inheritance, low seed fertility, and slow propagation are most conspicuous. Hence, biotechnology has been investigated for Musa germplasm handling and improvement (INIBAP, 1993; Novak, 1992; Vuylsteke, 1989).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, East and Southern Africa Regional Centre, PO Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda

    D. R. Vuylsteke

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  1. D. R. Vuylsteke
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Production, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    S. M. Jain

  2. Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biochemistry Division, International Rice Research Institute, 1099, Manila, Philippines

    D. S. Brar

  3. Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, Vienna, Austria

    B. S. Ahloowalia

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Vuylsteke, D.R. (1998). Field Performance of Banana Micropropagules and Somaclones. In: Jain, S.M., Brar, D.S., Ahloowalia, B.S. (eds) Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement. Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture, vol 32. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9125-6_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9125-6_12

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