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River System Analysis and Management pp 85–112Cite as

River Basin Impact Assessment of Changing Land Use and Climate by Applying the ILWRM Approach in Africa and Asia

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Abstract

Methodological aspects of scale-related impact assessment from changing land use/land cover (LULC) management and climate on river basin water resources and their management are discussed. Both control the interactive hydrological process dynamics that transfer precipitation input on the landscape to the different surface and subsurface water resources components and ultimately to river runoff draining the river basin. As the integrated water resources management (IWRM) concept does not sufficiently account for the landscape-related process dynamics associated with LULC management, it is enhanced to the integrated land and water resources management (ILWRM) approach. The latter requires, firstly, a consistent methodological concept and, secondly, a toolset for its implementation. The DPSIR (D = Drivers, P = Pressures, S = State, I = Impacts, R = Responses) approach is a suitable analysis concept in this regard and is enhanced by a Decision Information Knowledge System (DIKS). Both are implemented by means of the integrated land management system (ILMS) toolset developed at the University of Jena, Germany, and tested in numerous research projects in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and South America. The majority of river catchment studies focus on a particular scale. Upscaling and downscaling of the hydrological knowledge they generate requires the separation of the generic knowledge components from their modifying local specifications. The interdisciplinary ILWRM applications presented in this paper from two projects in South Africa and SE Asia address this challenge by applying a multi-scale nested catchment approach (NCA) and respective upscaling and downscaling techniques to regionalize hydrological knowledge between scales.

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Abbreviations

CC:

Climate change

CLM:

Community land model

DEM:

Digital elevation model

DIKS:

Decision Information Knowledge System

DPSIR:

Driver, pressure, state, impact, response

EC:

European Commission

ECMWF:

European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast

EEA:

European Environment Agency

ERA-40:

ECMWF reanalysis of the global atmosphere and surface conditions for 45 years

ESF:

Ecosystem functions

ESS:

Ecosystem services

GCM:

General circulation model

GIS:

Geographic information system

GLOF:

Glacier lake outburst flood

GWP:

Global Water Partnership

HD:

Human dimension

HRU:

Hydrological response units

ISA:

Integrated system analysis

ILMS:

Integrated land management system

IPCC:

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

IPM:

Integrated process modelling

IWRM:

Integrated water resources management

ILWRM:

Integrated land and water resources management

JAMS:

Jena Adaptable Modelling System

LULC:

Land use/land cover

MFS:

Modelling framework system

MODIS:

Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer

NCA:

Nested catchment approach

NE:

Natural environment

RBIS:

River basin information system

RCM:

Regional climate model

RS:

Remote sensing

SRES:

Special report on emission scenarios

UBRB:

Upper Brahmaputra River basin

UDRB:

Upper Danube river basin

USGS:

United States Geological Survey

WAM:

Water allocation model

WL:

Wetlands

WRRU:

Water resources response units

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Acknowledgement

The author acknowledges the financial funding and logistic support received from the European Commission (EC), the German Research Association (DFG), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), the Volkswagen Association (VW-Stiftung), Mondi Forest Ltd. South Africa and the Deutsche Stifterverband for the research projects presented from South Africa and SE Asia. The support from the research team at the Department of Geoinformatics, Hydrology and Modelling (DGHM) at the Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena in Germany and my cooperating colleagues in the respective research projects is acknowledged as well.

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  1. Department of Geoinformatics, Hydrology and Modelling, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany

    Wolfgang-Albert Flügel

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  1. Wolfgang-Albert Flügel
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Correspondence to Wolfgang-Albert Flügel .

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  1. Department of Water Resources Development & Management, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    Nayan Sharma

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Flügel, WA. (2017). River Basin Impact Assessment of Changing Land Use and Climate by Applying the ILWRM Approach in Africa and Asia. In: Sharma, N. (eds) River System Analysis and Management . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1472-7_6

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