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Salinity Tolerance in Cotton

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Cotton Production and Uses

Abstract

Cotton is the chief crop and main pillar of textile industry. Its fiber and seed have significant economic importance. However, salinity interferes with the normal growth functioning and results in halted growth and declined yield of fiber and seed. Salinity effects are more obvious at early growth stages of cotton, limiting final yield. Salt decreases boll formation per plant which ultimately gives decreased fiber yield and poor lint quality. Salinity is a global issue increasing every year due to uncontrolled measures and improper land management. Application of saline irrigation water is adding increments to already existing salts and deteriorating the productive soil. Arid regions are totally dependent upon rain for growth of cotton. Salt problem is more in arid regions due least availability of moisture and water for flushing salts from cotton root zone. Moreover, higher temperature favors excessive evaporation under arid conditions and leaving salt on the upper surface of soil. Salts at the surface soil impede cotton seed germination. In this chapter, we discussed formation of saline soils and their sources which deter cotton growth. Physiological changes, oxidative stress caused due to salinity, role of molecular transporters involved in detoxification and specific gene expression is also illuminated.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

AMF:

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

Catalase

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

IPT:

Isopentenyl transferase

1O2 :

Singlet oxygen

O2 •− :

Superoxide anions

•OH:

Hydroxyl radicals

POD:

Peroxidases

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

    Niaz Ahmed & Muhammad Arif Ali

  2. Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Ayhan Sahenk Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey

    Usman Khalid Chaudhry

  3. Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan

    Fiaz Ahmad

  4. Soil Salinity Research Institute, Pindi Bhattian, Punjab, Pakistan

    Muhammad Sarfraz

  5. Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

    Sajjad Hussain

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  1. Niaz Ahmed
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  4. Fiaz Ahmad
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  1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

    Shakeel Ahmad

  2. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

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Ahmed, N., Chaudhry, U.K., Ali, M.A., Ahmad, F., Sarfraz, M., Hussain, S. (2020). Salinity Tolerance in Cotton. In: Ahmad, S., Hasanuzzaman, M. (eds) Cotton Production and Uses. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1472-2_19

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