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The Histone H3 Family and Its Deposition Pathways

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Histone Mutations and Cancer

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1283))

Abstract

Within the cell nucleus, the organization of the eukaryotic DNA into chromatin uses histones as components of its building block, the nucleosome. This chromatin organization contributes to the regulation of all DNA template-based reactions impacting genome function, stability, and plasticity. Histones and their variants endow chromatin with unique properties and show a distinct distribution into the genome that is regulated by dedicated deposition machineries. The histone variants have important roles during early development, cell differentiation, and chromosome segregation. Recent progress has also shed light on how mutations and transcriptional deregulation of these variants participate in tumorigenesis. In this chapter we introduce the organization of the genome in chromatin with a focus on the basic unit, the nucleosome, which contains histones as the major protein component. Then we review our current knowledge on the histone H3 family and its variants—in particular H3.3 and CenH3CENP-A—focusing on their deposition pathways and their dedicated histone chaperones that are key players in histone dynamics.

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Abbreviations

ChIP-seq:

Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing

DSC:

DNA synthesis coupled

DSI:

DNA synthesis independent

ES:

Embryonic stem

KO:

Knockout

NCP:

Nucleosome core particle

PTM:

Posttranslational modification

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3664, Paris, France

    Dominique Ray-Gallet & Geneviève Almouzni

  2. Institut Curie, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR3664, Paris, France

    Dominique Ray-Gallet & Geneviève Almouzni

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  1. Dominique Ray-Gallet
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  2. Geneviève Almouzni
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Correspondence to Geneviève Almouzni .

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  1. Institute of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Dong Fang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

    Junhong Han

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Ray-Gallet, D., Almouzni, G. (2021). The Histone H3 Family and Its Deposition Pathways. In: Fang, D., Han, J. (eds) Histone Mutations and Cancer. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1283. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8104-5_2

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