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Effect of Hybrid Nanoparticle on DI Diesel Engine Performance, Combustion, and Emission Studies

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Novel Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Performance Improvement and Emission Reduction

Part of the book series: Energy, Environment, and Sustainability ((ENENSU))

Abstract

The frequent rise in the use of diesel engines in all fields emits harmful gases such as NOx and CO, which causes significant environmental emissions, global warming, breathing problems, etc. (Sivalingam et al. 2019). In the investigation of the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics, using diesel water emulsion is mixed with hybrid nanoparticles as additives in Direct Injection (DI) diesel engine. Reducing the emission characteristics and increasing engine performance is to introduce emulsion fuels (Parthasarathy et al. 2021). The water content of 5% is added with the diesel fuel as blends of (D94% + W5%). The surfactant used is Span 80 and Tween 80 and mixed with diesel water emulsion using a mechanical stirring process. This reports on the use of cerium oxide (CeO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles as an additive to diesel fuel. For this study, the fuel tested was prepared by blending three nanoparticles into diesel in a mass fraction of 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm with the assistance of an ultrasonic stirrer. The diesel water emulsion is mixed with the nanoparticle and prepared as three different fuel blends such as (D90% + W5% + S5% + HBNP 50 ppm), (D90% + W5% +S5% + HBNP 100 ppm), and (D90% + W5% +S5% + HBNP 150 ppm). Based on experimental results, BTE increased by 8.3% and BSFC is reduced by 14.42% at (D94% + W5% +S1% + HB 150 ppm) blend when compared with the diesel, due to the atomization of the fuel and oxygen content available in the fuel. The emissions of CO is reduced by 10.2%; smoke, oxides of nitrogen emissions, and HC are reduced by 27.5%, 36.58%, and 27.77%, respectively, when compared with clean diesel fuel, because of microexplosion and proper atomization taking place during the combustion process. The cylinder pressure and HRR are increased by 3.2% and 2.8%, respectively, when compared with neat diesel fuel, due to increased combustion temperature and secondary atomization of fuel take places.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. V P Ramamurthi, former professor of Anna University and present Chairman of Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering for motivating them in preparing this article. The authors are also indebted to. Dr. K Annamalai, Associate Professor, Department of Automobile Engineering, Anna University for his guidance and support towards the compilation of this book article. The authors proficiently thank their colleagues Mr. J. Jayakar and Mr. M. Nambiraj Assistant Professors, Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering for their esteemed support.

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, 533437, India

    Elumalai Perumal Venkatesan

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India

    Dhinesh Balasubramanian

  3. Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

    Dhinesh Balasubramanian

  4. Center for Alternative Energy Research and Development, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

    Dhinesh Balasubramanian

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, P.M.B 1221, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria

    Olusegun David Samuel

  6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1719, South Africa

    Olusegun David Samuel

  7. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Room 11, Shell Chair Office Complex, Zaria, Nigeria

    Muhammad Usman Kaisan

  8. Department of Automobile Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, India

    Parthasarathy Murugesan

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  1. Elumalai Perumal Venkatesan
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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Akhilendra Pratap Singh

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Avinash Kumar Agarwal

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Perumal Venkatesan, E., Balasubramanian, D., Samuel, O.D., Kaisan, M.U., Murugesan, P. (2021). Effect of Hybrid Nanoparticle on DI Diesel Engine Performance, Combustion, and Emission Studies. In: Singh, A.P., Agarwal, A.K. (eds) Novel Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Performance Improvement and Emission Reduction. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1582-5_10

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