Introduction

Abstract

Rapid increase in pollution levels, escalation of fuel prices, and depletion of hydrocarbon reserves of the world have forced the engineers to look for appropriate technology and alternative fuels to cater to the ever-increasing demands of energy. The internal combustion (IC) engines form an indispensable part of industrial growth. IC engines play a dominant role in the fields of propulsion, power, and energy. They also contribute to our modernized agricultural sector and the transportation of goods and passengers. It is impossible to do without the IC engines and hence means must be sought to improve the designs.