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Phytoremediation: A Sustainable Solution to Combat Pollution

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Biotechnological Innovations for Environmental Bioremediation

Abstract

Plants and microbes are the reservoirs of many structural and biological distinctive properties, which can be used to combat against environmental pollutants. They are the primary producers of ecosystems and transfer the primary productivity in the form of carbon energy to higher trophic levels in the food chain. They play a pivotal role in protecting the environment by reducing greenhouse gas emission, excess nutrients, heavy metal degradation, and other pollutants. They are found in every kind of habitat such as terrestrial, aquatic, and desert. A direct correlation has been identified among different plant and microbial communities, at different pollution levels, and different heavy metals in their habitats. Besides this, species composition of plants and microbes depends on different types of habitats and abiotic environmental factors. They consume excess amount of nutrients from the land and wastewater and take up CO2 from the environment by the process of photosynthesis maintain the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the habitat and restore the original conditions of natural habitat by reducing environmental and soil pollution. Further, their biomass can be used for bioenergy production, food production, and novel biochemical production for human and animal welfare. Further, their residual part can be utilized as fodder to cattle. The main aim of the article is to overview the advances in current and futuristic techniques for phytoremediation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Kamakshi Saxena & Parool Jain

  2. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Touseef Hussain

  3. Divison of Plant Pathology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, India

    Touseef Hussain

  4. Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering and Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

    Raunak Dhanker

  5. Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shubham Goyal

  6. Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India

    Shubham Goyal

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  1. Kamakshi Saxena
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  2. Touseef Hussain
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  3. Raunak Dhanker
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  4. Parool Jain
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  5. Shubham Goyal
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Dr. B. Lal Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Sudipti Arora

  2. Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Ashwani Kumar

  3. Department of Local Resources and Department of Life Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan

    Shinjiro Ogita

  4. Department of Natural Sciences, Northeastern State University, Broken Arrow, OK, USA

    Yuan -Yeu Yau

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Saxena, K., Hussain, T., Dhanker, R., Jain, P., Goyal, S. (2022). Phytoremediation: A Sustainable Solution to Combat Pollution. In: Arora, S., Kumar, A., Ogita, S., Yau, Y.Y. (eds) Biotechnological Innovations for Environmental Bioremediation. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9001-3_11

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