Design of Multiband Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Applications

Abstract

To achieve multi-frequency or multiple radiation patterns, reconfigurable antennas are preferable in terms of size and complexity. In this design, a reconfigurable antenna that resonates in multibands for wireless applications, such as WLAN, Wi-Fi, LTE is designed. This design features a slotted wineglass-shaped radiating patch with stubs and a rectangular ring-type slot having two diodes (D₁, D₂) on the perfect electric ground. The dielectric material used to design the proposed antenna is the Neltec substrate. The outer dimension of the antenna is 30 mm × 30 mm × 0.762 mm. Reconfigurability is achieved by changing the electrical equivalent circuit of p-i-n diodes (diode ON/OFF) which results in four different modes of operations. When both D₁ and D₂ are in the OFF state, the proposed antenna offers multiband operations at 2.52 GHz (S-band), 4.27 GHz (C-band), and 8.88 GHz, 10.80 GHz, 11.78 GHz (X-band), 14.04 GHz (Ku-band). Similarly, the antenna resonates at 1.43 GHz (L-band), 4.89 GHz, 6.48 GHz (C-band), 8.89 GHz (X-band), and 13.71 GHz (Ku-band) in the OFF–ON case. Meanwhile for the ON–OFF case at 3.95 GHz (S-band), 6.18 GHz (C-band), 8.77 GHz, 11.88 GHz (X-band), 14.23 GHz (Ku-band). Whereas when both the diodes are ON, the antenna resonates at 1.71 GHz (L-band), 5.04 GHz, and 6.17 GHz (C-band).