Abstract
In vitro-grown shoot tips of apples (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Fuji) were successfully cryopreserved by vitrification. Three-week-old in vitro apple plantlets were cold-hardened at 5°C for 3 weeks. Excised shoot tips from hardened plantlets were precultured on a solidified Murashige & Skoog agar medium (MS) supplemented with 0.7 M sucrose for 1 day at 5°C. Following preculture shoot tips were transferred to a 2 ml plastic cryotube and a highly concentrated cryoprotective solution (designated PVS2) was then added at 25°C. The PVS2 contains (W/V) 30% glycerol, 15% ethylene glycol and 15% dimethylsulfoxide in medium containing 0.4 M sucrose. After dehydration at 25°C for 80 min, the shoot tips were directly plunged into liquid nitrogen. After rapid warming, the shoot tips were expelled into 2 ml of MS medium containing 1.2 M sucrose and then plated on agar MS medium. Direct shoot elongation was observed in approximately 3 weeks. The average rate of shoot formation was about 80%. This vitrification method was successfully applied to five apple species or cultivars and eight pear cultivars. This method appears to be a promising technique for cryopreserving shoot tips from in vitro-grown plantlets of fruit trees.
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Abbreviations
- DMSO:
-
dimethylsulfoxide
- EG:
-
ethylene glycol
- PVS2:
-
vitrification solution
- LN:
-
liquid nitrogen
- BA:
-
6-benzylaminopurine
- NAA:
-
α-naphthaleneacetic acid
- SE:
-
standard error
- ABA:
-
abscisic acid
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Niino, T., Sakai, A., Yakuwa, H. et al. Cryopreservation of in vitro-grown shoot tips of apple and pear by vitrification. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 28, 261–266 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00036122
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00036122