Abstract
Callus formation from stem internodes of the apple rootstocks M.9, M.25, M.26, M.27 and the cherry rootstock Colt, and from pith of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Wisconsin 38 was initiated on 4 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)-based media (2.0–10.0 mg1-1). Transfer of callus to corresponding media lacking NAA allowed regeneration of shoots from callus of M.25, M.27, Colt and tobacco but not of M.9 and M.26. With M.25 phloroglucinol (PG) depressed regeneration from 30 to 10% and no regeneration was observed in cultures grown in the presence of casein hydrolysate (CH) and glutathione (GSH).
Organogenesis was also obtained from leaf discs of M.27 employing 6-benzyl-aminopurine (BAP) at 5.0mg 1-1 and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) at 0.1 mg1-1. The regenerated shoots have been multiplied and rooted.
Organogenesis also occurred in M.26 from small (1–2mm), green, compact embryoid-like structures derived from stem and leaf surfaces of excised axillary shoots. These structures differentiated into shoots at a low frequency (< 1%) on media containing BAP (1.0mg1-1) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0.1 mg1-1) and could also be micropropagated by subsequent axillary shoot proliferation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Binding P, Nehls R, Kock R, Finger J, Mordhorst G (1981) Comparative studies on protoplast regeneration in herbaceous species of the Dicotyledoneae class. Z Pflanzenphysiol 101:119–130
Druart P (1980) Plantlet regeneration from root callus of different Prunus species. Scientia Hort 12:339–342.
Eichholtz DA, Robitaille HA, Hasegawa PM (1979) Adventive embryony in apple. Hort Science 14: 699–700
Fox JE (1963) Growth factor requirements and chromosome number in tabacco tissue culture. Physiol Plant 16: 793–803
Gayner JA, Jones OP, Watkins R, Hopgood ME (1980) Regeneration of plants from callus. Rep E Malling Res Stn for 1979, pp 187–188
Haccius B (1978) Question of unicellular origin of non-zygotic embryos in callus cultures. Phytomorphology 28: 74–81
James DJ, Thurbon IJ (1979) Rapid in vitro rooting of the apple rootstock M.9 J Hort Sci 54: 309–311
James DJ, Thurbon IJ (1981) Phenolic compounds and other factors controlling rhizogenesis in vitro in the apple rootstocks M.9 and M.26 Z Pflanzenphysiol 105:11–21
Jones OP, Hopgood ME (1979) The successful propagation in vitro of two root-stocks of Prunus: the plum rootstock Pixy (P. insititia) and the cherry rootstock F12/1 (P. avium). J Hort Sci 54:63–66
Linsmaier EM, Skoog F (1965) Organic growth factor requirements of tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 18:100–127
Liu JR, Sink KC, Dennis FG (1983) Plant regeneration from apple seedling explants and callus cultures. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture 2:293–304
Mehra A, Mehra PN (1974) Organogenesis and plantlet formation in vitro in almond. Bot Gaz 135:61–73
Preston AP (1971) Apple Rootstock 3431 (M.27). Rep E Malling Res Stn for 1970, 143–147
Reisch B, Bingham ET (1980) The genetic control of bud formation from callus cultures of diploid alfalfa. Plant Sci Lett 20:71–77
Thomas E (1981) Plant regeneration from shoot culture-derived protoplasts of tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum cv Maris Bard). Plant Sci Lett 23:81–88
Uchimiya H, Murashige T (1974) Evaluation of parameters in the isolation of viable protoplasts from cultured tabacco cells. Plant Physiol 54:936–944
Vasil V, Vasil IK (1981) Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from tissue cultures of Pennisetum americanum and P. americanum x P. purpureum hybrid. Am J Bot 68:864–872
Walker KA, Wendeln ML, Jaworski EG (1979) Organogenesis in callus tissue of Medicago sativa. The temporal separation of induction processes from differentation processes. Plant Sci Lett 16:23–30
Webster AD (1980) Dwarfing rootstocks for plums and cherries. Acta Hort 114: 201–207
Wei-lun C, Shan-ying Y, Hong-xin W, Cheng C (1979) Organogenesis of Malus (Rootstock M.9) callus in vitro. Acta Bot Sin 21:191–194
Zimmerman RH, Broome OC (1981) Phooroglucinol and in vitro rooting of apple cultivar cuttings. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 106:648–652
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
James, D.J., Passey, A.J. & Malhotra, S.B. Organogenesis in callus derived from stem and leaf tissues of apple and cherry rootstocks. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 3, 333–341 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00043085
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00043085