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Stress distributions and intensities at corners of equilateral triangular holes

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Abstract

The problem of the stress distribution in an infinite medium which was weakened by an equilateral triangular hole under tension at infinity, was studied. The triangular hole and its exterior was conformally mapped into the interior of a unit circle by using the Schwarz-Christoffel transformation. The stress function Φ(z) was defined by Muskhelishvili's complex-function theory and the conformal mapping technique. The Schwarz-Christoffel transformation was expressed as a truncated series with a finite numbers of terms. This function represents an equilateral triangle with rounded-off corners mapped into the unit circle. A change of the stress field around the triangular hole was investigated.

It was shown that for the transformation function with two-or more-terms of the series, the stress field along the boundary of the respective triangular hole remained unchanged, except for the values of stresses in the near vicinity of the apieces of the corners.

It was shown that by introducing substitute singular points lying in the vicinity of the centers of curvature of the rounded corners, the discrepancies in stresses appearing in their vicinity disappeared, and their exact values were attained. These points correspond to the points of the zeroing of the first derivative of the mapping function and coincide with the centers of the initial curves of the caustics traced at each corner for the particular loading mode of the plate. All these results were experimentally verified by using the optical method of reflected caustics.

Résumé

On étudie le problème de la distribution des contraintes dans un milieu infini, affaibli par un trou en forme de triangle équilatéral, et soumis à tension à l'infini. En utilisant une transformée de Schwarz-Christoffel, on a fait une transposition conforme du trou triangulaire et de sa zone extérieure, à un cercle unitaire et sa zone intérieure. La fonction de contrainte Φ (Z) a été définie par la théorie de Muskhelishvili et par la technique de la représentation conforme, la transformée de Schwarz-Christoffel étant exprimée par une série tronquée à nombre de termes fini. Cette fonction représente un triangle équilatéral aux angles arrondis, inscrit dans le cercle unitaire. On a étudié une modification du champ de contraintes autour des trou triangulaire. On montre que, pour une fonction de transformée à deux termes ou davantage, le champ de contraintes le long du contour du trou triangulaire correspondant demeure constant, à l'exception des valeurs des contraintes au voisinge immédiat des angles. Si on introduit des points singuliers au voisinage des centres de courbure des arrondis d'angle, les différences apparaissant dans les contraintes aux angles s'estompent, et les valeurs exactes sont atteintes. Les points en question correspondent aux points obtenus en annulant la dérivée première de la fonction. Ils coïnciden avec les centres des caustiques tracées a chaque angle du ton pour le mode particulier de charge auquel est soumis le milieu.

Tous les résultats obtenus ont été vérifiés expérimentalement en utilisant la méthode optique des caustiques réfléchies.

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Theocaris, P.S., Petrou, L. Stress distributions and intensities at corners of equilateral triangular holes. Int J Fract 31, 271–289 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00044050

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00044050

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