Summary
Nuclear and cytoplasmic genes from 10 diverse Avena sterilis L. accessions were introgressed into four Corn Belt oat (A. sativa L.) cultivars. Grain and straw yield, harvest index, heading date, height, unit straw weight, and vegetative growth index were evaluated in the BC2 generation of 76 cytoplasmic isopopulations. Means of all seven traits in the BC2 of ‘Tippecanoe’ matings were greater than Tippecanoe due to introgression of A. sterilis germplasm, whereas means of all seven traits in BC2 populations of ‘Ogle’ were inferior to those of Ogle. BC2 populations of matings involving ‘CI 9170’ and ‘CI 9268’ were variable, with some trait means being greater than those of the recurrent parents and some being lower.
The phenomena of nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction effects and nuclear-cytoplasmic heterosis also were investigated. In matings where significant differences were present between cytoplasmic isopopulations, those with A. sterilis cytoplasm usually were superior, but no trait exhibited a consistent cytoplasmic effect across all matings. These results suggest that all seven traits were influenced by nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions. Nuclear-cytoplasmic heterosis for grain yield was present in two of 38 isopopulations with A. sterilis cytoplasm; both were from matings involving Tippecanoe. Nuclear-cytoplasmic heterosis for each of the remaining traits was observed in four to eight of the 38 isopopulations with A. sterilis cytoplasm.
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Beavis, W.D., Frey, K.J. Expression of nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions and heterosis in quantitative traits of oats (Avena spp.). Euphytica 36, 877–886 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00051873
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00051873