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The micromechanics of polymer fracture

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Abstract

Formation of incipient submicroscopic cracks in polymers under load have been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering. The main regularities of crack formation under different loading conditions have been analyzed. The connection between the submicrocrack concentration and the deformation of a stressed polymer has been shown. The main parameters of crack formation defining the strength properties of a polymer, i.e., the size of initial submicrocracks transverse to the axis of loading, which is determined by the structural heterogeneity of a material, and the concentration of submicrocracks before rupture, have been established. The analysis of the quantitative correlation between these parameters allows one to formulate the main statements regarding the micromechanics of polymer fracture. From comparing the volume and surface parameters of crack formation of a stressed polymer, the dominating role of the surface in the process of fracture has been demonstrated.

Résumé

On étudie la formation de fissures submicroscopiques dans les polymères sous contraintes par la dispersion de rayon X à faible angle d'incidence, et on analyse les principales conditions de formation de la fissure sous des charges différentes. On montre les relations entre la concentration de fissures submicroscopiques et la déformation d'un polymère sous contrainte.

On établit les principaux paramètres qui régissent la formation de la fissure, et qui déterminent la résistance d'un polymère, à savoir la dimension des fissures submicroscopiques normales à l'axe de sollicitation, qui dépend de l'hétérogénénté structurale du matériau, et la concentration de fissures submicroscopiques avant la rupture.

Par une analyse corrélative de ces paramètres, on peut formuler les principales assertions sur le micromecanisme de la rupture des polymères. Une comparaison des paramètres volumiques et de surface intervenant dans la formation de fissures dans un polymère sous tension permet de démontrer le rôle déterminant que joue la surface dans le processus de la rupture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, USSR

    S. N. Zhurkov & V. S. Kuksenko

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  1. S. N. Zhurkov
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  2. V. S. Kuksenko
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Zhurkov, S.N., Kuksenko, V.S. The micromechanics of polymer fracture. Int J Fract 11, 629–639 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00116370

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