An apatitic calcium phosphate cement is obtained by mixing α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and precipitated hydroxyapatite into a cement powder, and by then mixing this powder with an aqueous solution of Na2HPO4 as an accelerator. Setting times were reduced by about 30% by increasing the temperature from 22 to 37°C. Compressive strength reached higher intermediate and final values at 37 °C. Degrees of transformation of the α-TCP in the resulting calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) were much higher at 37 °C after 24 h of storage in Ringer's solution according to X-ray diffraction. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the rate of reaction increased by a factor of about 5 when the temperature was increased from 25 to 37 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the microstructure was more homogeneous and that a more tight entanglement of the precipitated CDHA crystals occurred after storage at 37 °C than at room temperature.
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Ginebra, M.P., Fernández, E., Driessens, F.C.M. et al. The effects of temperature on the behaviour of an apatitic calcium phosphate cement. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 6, 857–860 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00134332
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00134332