Abstract
Major and trace element analyses of representative samples of various types of banded iron-formation and its various minerals, associated sediments, iron ores and volcanic tuff from different localities of Orissa, India, are presented in this paper. The Orissa banded iron-formation is classified as Precambrian banded iron formation and is similar to the oxide facies iron formation of Lake Superior type. The Orissa iron formation consists only of iron oxide and silica with total absence of iron silicate, sulfide and carbonate minerals, and is devoid of terrigenous material. The trace element content suggests the source of the underlying quartzite to be a continental igneous rock mass, while the interbedded tuff are of undoubted volcanic origin. The overlying iron formation were chemically precipitated as oxidate sediments in which the principal iron mineral — magnetite — was formed at low temperature in a shallow marine environment. From the overwhelming similarity of major and trace element contents of all the samples from the different localities, it is postulated that these detached outcrops originated in the same continous basin.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alexandrov E A (1973) The Precambrian banded iron formation of the Soviet Union. Econ Geol 68: 1035–1062
Chakraborty K L, Chakraborty T L (1976) Source and fixation of nickel in the nickeliferous limonite profile of Sukinda Valley, Orissa. Geol Soc India 17: 186–193
Chakraborty K L, Taron P B (1968) Thermal metamorphism of the banded iron-formation of Orissa, India. Geol Soc Am Bull 79: 365–374
Eichler J (1976) Origin of Precambrian banded iron-formation. In: Wolf K N (ed) Handbook of Strataform and Stratiform ore deposit. Elsevier, Amsterdam p 157–201
Frietsch R (1970) Trace elements in magnetite and hematite. Sveriges Geol Unders Arsbok 64: 1–136
Goldschmidt V M (1954) Geochemistry. Claudon Press, Oxford p 1–730
Govett G J S (1966) Origin of banded iron-formation. Geol Soc Am Bull 77: 1191–1212
Gross G A (1965) Geology of Iron Deposits in Canada, Vol 1. General Geology and evolution of iron deposits. Econ Geol Rep. No 22, Geol Surv Canada. 1–111
Gross G A, Mcleod C R (1980) A preliminary assessment of the chemical composition of iron formation in Canada. Canadian Miner 181: 223–229
Hirst D M (1962) The geochemistry of modern sediments from the Gulf of Baria-II. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 26: 1147–1187
James H L (1954) Sedimentary facies of iron formation. Econ Geol 19: 235–291
-- (1966) Data of Geochemistry. Chemistry of the iron rich sedimentary rocks. Geol Surv USA Professional paper 440-W: 1–60
Kisversary C, Proctor P D (1967) Trace element content of magnetite and hematite, S. E Missouri Iron Metallogenic Province USA. Econ Geol 62: 464–465
Laajoki K, Saikkonen R (1977) On the geology and geochemistry of the Precambrian iron-formation in Vayrytonkyla, South Pudanka Area. Finland Bull. Geol Surv Finland 292: 1–137
La Berge G L (1966) Altered pyroclastic rocks in iron-formation in Hammerslay Range, W-Australia. Econ Geol 61: 572–581
Landergren S (1948) On the geochemistry of Swedish Iron-Ore and Associated rocks. Sveriges Geol Unders Ser C 42(5): 1–182
Majumder T, Chakraborty K L (1977) Primary sedimentary structures in the Banded Iron-Formation of Orissa. Sedimentary Geology 19: 287–300
— (1979) Petrography and petrology of the Precambrian banded iron-formation and reformation of the bands. Sedimentary Geology 22: 243–266
Nicols G D (1967) Trace elements in sediments: an assessment of their possible utility as depth indication. Marine Geol 5: 539–555
Palmqvist S (1935) Geochemical studies on the iron-bearing Liassic series in southern Sweden. Lunds Geol Mineral Inst Medd 60: 204
Pettijohn F J (1975) Sedimentary rocks. Harper & Row, New York, p 1–718
Potter P F, Shrimp N E, Whitten J (1963) Trace element in marine and fresh water argillaceous sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 29: 669–694
Rösler H J, Lange H (1972) Geochemical Tables. Elsevier Publication, Amsterdam p 1–468
Sarkar S N, Saha A K (1977) The present status of the Precambrian stratigraphy, tectonics and geochronology of Singhbhum-Keonjhar-Mayurbhanj region, Eastern India. Ind J Earth Sc S. Ray Volume 37–65
Shaw D M (1964) Interpretation geochimique des elements en Fraces dans les roches cristallines. Mason, Paris
Taylor S R (1965) Application of trace element data to problems in petrology. In: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Vol 6. Pergamon Press, Oxford 133–273
Trendal A F, Blockley J G (1970) The iron formations of the Precambrian Hamersley Group, Western Australia. Geol Surv of Western Australia Bull 119
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Majumder, T., Chakraborty, K.L. & Bhattacharyya, A. Geochemistry of banded iron formation of Orissa, India. Mineral. Deposita 17, 107–118 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00206379
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00206379