Callus induction and plantlet formation through culture of isolated microspores of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Abstract

Morphogenic calli were obtained efficiently from ab initio cultures of isolated microspores in eggplant. Initial culture of freshly isolated microspores in sucrose-free medium at high temperature (35°C) for 3 d was a prerequisite for callus induction. The microspores were re-cultured in modified NLN medium containing 2% sucrose and phytohormones (NAA 0.5 mg l⁻¹, BA 0.5 mg l⁻¹) in the dark. After 4 weeks of re-culture, small calli derived from microspores were transferred to MS medium containing 4 mg l⁻¹ zeatin and 0.2 mg l⁻¹ IAA for shoot regeneration. The ploidy of 12 randomly selected regenerants was assessed by chromosome counts in root tips. Only one of the regenerants was haploid, 7 were diploid, 3 were triploid and one was tetraploid. The diploids set seeds after self-pollination and showed no segregation for morphological traits in the progeny, suggesting that they were spontaneously doubled haploids.