Summary
A physical map of the cloned ribosomal DNA of tobacco chloroplasts was constructed by cleavage with several restriction endonucleases and hybridization of the restriction fragments with labeled 16S and 23S rRNAs. The location of the 16S and 23S rRNA genes was determined by electron microscopic analysis of the R-loop containing molecules. No intervening sequences were detected in these genes. The 16S and 23S rRNA genes are separated by a 1.3×106 daltons spacer and coded for by the same DNA strand. The direction of transcription is from gene 16S to gene 23S.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bedbrook, J.R., Kolodner, R.: The structure of chloroplast DNA. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 30, 593–620 (1979)
Bedbrook, J.R., Kolodner, R., Bogorad, L.: Zea mays chloroplast ribosomal RNA genes are part of a 22,000 base pair inverted repeat. Cell 11, 739–749 (1977)
Bohnert, H.J., Driesel, A.J., Herrmann, R.G.: Characterization of the RNA compounds synthesized by isolated chloroplasts. In: Genetics and biogenesis of chloroplasts and mitochondria (Bucher, Th., Neupert, W., Sebald, W., Werner, S., eds.), pp. 629–636. Amsterdam: North-Holland Biomedical Press 1976
Bohnert, H.J., Gordon, K., Driesel, A.J., Crouse, E.J., Herrmann, R.G.: Mapping of genes on the restriction endonuclease site map of Spinacia oleracea chloroplast DNA. In: Chloroplast development (Akoyunoglou, G., Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, J.H., eds.), pp. 569–572. Amsterdam: North-Holland Biomedical Press 1978
Bolivar, F., Rodriguez, R.L., Betlach, M.C., Boyer, H.W.: Construction and characterization of new cloning vehicles I. Ampicillin-resistant derivatives of the plasmid pMB9. Gene 2, 75–93 (1977)
Boros, I., Kiss, A., Venetianer, P.: Physical map of the seven ribosomal RNA genes of Escherichia coli. Nucleic Acids Res. 6, 1817–1830 (1979)
Davis, R.W., Simon, M.N., Davidson, N.: Electron microscope heteroduplex methods for mapping regions of base sequence homology in nucleic acids. In: Methods in enzymology (Grossman, L., Moldave, K., eds.), Vol. 5, pp. 413–428. New York: Academic Press 1971
Dunn, J.J., Studier, F.W.: T7 early RNAs and E. coli ribosomal RNAs are cut from large precursor RNAs in vivo by ribonuclease III. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70, 3296–3300 (1973)
Gray, P.W., Hallick, R.B.: Physical mapping of the Euglena gracilis chloroplast DNA and ribosomal RNA gene region. Biochemistry 17, 284–289 (1978)
Guerry, P., LeBlane, D.J., Falkow, S.: General method for the isolation of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid. J. Bacteriol. 116, 1064–1066 (1973)
Jenni, B., Stutz, E.: Physical mapping of the ribosomal DNA region of Euglena gracilis chloroplast DNA. Eur. J. Biochem. 88, 127–134 (1978)
Maxam, A.M., Gilbert, W.: A new method for sequencing DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74, 560–564 (1977)
Rochaix, J.D., Malnoe, P.: Anatomy of the chloroplast ribosomal DNA of Chlamydomonas reinhardii. Cell 15, 661–670 (1978)
Southern, E.M.: Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J. Mol. Biol. 98, 503–517 (1975)
Stutz, E., Boschetti, A.: Chloroplast ribosomes. In: Handbook of genetics (King, R.C., ed.), Vol. 5, pp. 425–450. New York: Plenum Press 1976
Sugiura, M., Kusuda, J.: Molecular cloning of tobacco chloroplast ribosomal RNA genes. Mol. Gen. Genet. 172, 137–141 (1979)
Sugiura, M., Takanami, M.: Analysis of the 5′-terminal nucleotide sequences of ribonucleic acids, II. Comparison of the 5′-terminal nucleotide sequences of ribosomal RNA's from different organisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 58, 1595–1602 (1967)
Takahasi, H., Shimizu, M., Saito, H., Ikeda, Y., Sugisaki, H.: A new site-specific endonuclease from Streptomyces lavendulae (SlaI). Gene 5, 9–18 (1979)
Thomas, M., White, R.L., Davis, R.W.: Hybridization of RNA to double-stranded DNA: Formation of R-loops. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73, 2294–2298 (1976)
Whitfeld, P.R., Herrmann, R.G., Bottomley, W.: Mapping of the ribosomal RNA genes on spinach chloroplast DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 5, 1741–1751 (1978)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by H.W. Boyer
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kusuda, J., Shinozaki, K., Takaiwa, F. et al. Characterization of the cloned ribosomal DNA of tobacco chloroplasts. Molec. Gen. Genet. 178, 1–7 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00267206
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00267206