Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Selection among synthetics

  • Published:
Theoretical and Applied Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The effect of the number of parents and their level of inbreeding on the mean and the variance of synthetic varieties was studied for diploids and autotetraploids. The number of parents and their level of inbreeding act in opposing ways. Maximum mean requires a high number of parents and no inbreeding. Maximum variance requires a small number of highly inbred and unrelated parents. When the number of parents increases (k ≥ 2) the coefficients of the components of variance decrease, and the decrease is more rapid for variances associated with increasing order of interactions between genes. The coefficients of components of variance increase as the level of inbreeding of the parents increases and the increase is greater for components associated with increasing order of interactions between genes.

Consequently, according to the values of inbreeding depression and the components of genetic variance and heritability, an optimum genetic base may exist, i.e., an ideal combination of the number of parents and the level of their inbreeding. With no inbreeding, selection among synthetics uses mainly additive variance. By increasing the level of inbreeding of the parents, the effects of dominance and of additive X additive variances on genetic advance when selecting among synthetics increase. One cycle of selection among synthetics appears more efficient than individual selection within populations. The problem of population improvement before selecting among synthetics is discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  1. Bouffette, Jacqueline: Expression de la covariance génotypique chez les tetraploides. Thése doctorat 3eme cycle Fac. Sci. Lyon (1966).

  2. Busbice, Thad H.: Inbreeding in synthetic varieties. Crop Sci. 9, 601–604 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Busbice, Thad H.: Predicting yield of synthetic varieties. Crop Sci. 10, 265–269 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Cockerham, C. C.: Implication of genetic variances in a hybrid breeding program. Crop Sci. 1, 47–52 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Comstock, R. E., Robinson, H. F.: The components of genetic variance in populations. Biometrics 4, 254–266 (1948).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Corkill, L.: The basis of synthetic strains of cross-pollinated grasses. 7th Intl. Grassl. Cong. 427 (1956).

  7. Dessureaux, L., Gallais, A.: Evolution of fertility in advanced generations of an alfalfa single cross hybrid. Canad. J. Genetics and Cytol, 13, 834–841 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Gallais, A.: Evolution de la vigueur des variétés synthétiques diploïdes au cours des générations de multiplication. I. En panmixie. Ann. Amélior. Plantes 17, 291–301 (1967a).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Gallais, A.: Moyennes des populations tetraploides. Ann. Amélior. Plantes 17, 215–228 (1967b).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gallais, A.: Evolution de la vigueur des variétés synthétiques tetraploides au cours des générations de multiplication. I. En panmixie. Ann. Amélior. Plantes 18, 5–15 (1968a).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Gallais, A.: Etude théorique et comparée de la vigueur de différentes structures variétaies chez les plantes allogames autotétraploïdes. Ann. Amélior. Plantes 18, 99–124 (1968b).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gallais, A.: Interactions between alleles and their variability in autotetraploid cross-fertilised plants. Consequences for selection. Genetica Agraria XXII, 312–323 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gallais, A.: Evolution de la vigueur des variétés synthétiques diploïdes au cours des générations de multiplication. II. Avec déviations par rapport à la panmixie. Ann. Amelior. Plantes 20, 5–26 (1970a).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gallais, A.: Covariances entre apparentés quelconques avec linkage et épistasie. II. Evolution en régime d'autofécondation. Ann. Génét. Sél. Anim. 2, 417–427 (1970b).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Gallais, A.: Nouvelle contribution à l'étude de la vigueur des variétés synthétiques tétraploïdes dans le cas de panmixie. Ann. Amélior. Plantes 21, 141–168 (1971a).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gallais, A.: Evolution de la vigueur des variétés synthétiques tétraploides au cours des générations de multiplication. II. Avec déviations par rapport à la panmixie; influence de l'autostérilité, cas particulier de la multiplication des hybrides. Ann. Amélior. Plantes 21, 303–336 (1971b).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gallais, A.: Evolution de la vigueur des variétés synthétiques diploïdes au cours des générations de multiplication. III. Influence de l'épistasie et du linkage dans le cas de panmixie et de croisement préférentiel. Ann. Amélior. Plantes 21, 343–371 (1971c).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Gallais, A., Guy, P.: Breeding for heterosis in autotetraploïds. Report of Fodder Crops Section of Eucarpia, Lusignan 15–17 Sept. 1970.

  19. Gallais, A., Guy, P., Lenoble, M.: Models for varieties in crossfertilized forage plants. Proc. 11th Inter. Grassland Cong. 254–259 (1970).

  20. Gillois, M.: La relation d'identité en génétique. Thèse fac. sci. Paris, 295 P. (1964).

  21. Griffing, B.: Comparisons of potentials for general combining ability selection methods utilizing one or two random mating populations. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 16, 838–862 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Griffing, B.: Selection in reference to biological groups. I. Individual and group selection applied to populations of unordered groups. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 20, 127–139 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Harris, D. L.: Genotypic covariances between inbred relatives. Genetics 50, 1319–1348 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hill, R. R., Jr.: Effect of the number of parents on the mean and variance of synthetic varieties. Crop Sci. 11, 283–286 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Kehr, W. R., Graumann, H. D., Lowe, C. C., Gardner, C. O.: The performance of alfalfa synthetics in the first and advanced generations. Univ. of Nebraska. Research Bull. n ° 200 (1961).

  26. Kempthorne, O.: An introduction to genetic statistics. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Kinman, M. L., Sprague, G. F.: Relation between number of parental lines and theoretical performance of synthetic varieties. J.Amer.Soc.Agron. 22, 614–626 (1945).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Malécot, G.: Les mathématiques de l'hérédité. Paris: Masson et Cie. 1948.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Mather, K.: Biometrical genetics. London: Methuen 1949.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wright, S.: The effects of inbreeding and cross-breeding on guinea pigs. U.S.D.A. Bull. 1121 (1922).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Station d'Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Lusignan, France

    A. Gallais

Authors
  1. A. Gallais
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Communicated by J.E. Legates

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gallais, A. Selection among synthetics. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 44, 24–30 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00277704

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00277704

Keywords

Search

Navigation