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The synaptic ribbons of the guinea-pig pineal gland under normal and experimental conditions

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Summary

“Synaptic” ribbons (SR), functionally enigmatic structures of mammalian pinealocytes, were studied electron microscopically with regard to number, intracellular localization and topographical relationships, both under normal and experimental conditions. Pineal glands of guinea-pigs serving as controls contained 1.75 ribbon fields/unit area in the males and 2.58 in the females. In animals subjected to continuous illumination for 64 days the number of ribbon fields increased 20-fold in the males and 9-fold in the females. Continuous darkness (26 to 70 days) had varying effects; in some animals SR increased either strongly or moderately, in others they appeared unchanged. Under continuous illumination a higher percentage of ribbon fields bordered the cell membrane than in the controls. Moreover, paired ribbon fields occurred. The topographical analysis revealed that 98 % of the ribbon fields bordering the cell membrane lay opposite another pinealocyte and the remainder opposite nerve fibres, blood vessels and collagenous fibres. It is suggested that SR of mammalian pinealocytes do not represent non-functioning phylogenetic relics but true organelles possibly involved in coupling adjacent pinealocytes functionally.

Zusammenfassung

In der vorliegenden Studie wurden die funktionell unklaren “synaptic ribbons” (SR) der Säugerzirbeldrüse hinsichtlich Zahl, intrazellulärer Lokalisation und topographischer Beziehungen unter normalen und experimentellen Bedingungen untersucht. In der Zirbeldrüse von Meerschweinchen, die als Kontrollen dienten, wurden bei Männchen 1,75 und bei Weibchen 2,58 Ribbonfelder/Flächeneinheit gefunden. Nach 64tägigem Aufenthalt der Tiere in ständiger Helligkeit zeigten die Männchen eine 20-, die Weibchen eine 9fache Zunahme dieser Strukturen. Nach Aufenthalt in ständiger Dunkelheit (26–70 Tage) waren die Resultate uneinheitlich: einige Tiere zeigten eine starke bzw. mäßige, andere keine Zunahme der SR. Nach Dauerbelichtung fand sich ein höherer Prozentsatz von Ribbonfeldern in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft der Zellmembran als bei Kontrollen. Außderdem kam es zum Auftreten von paarigen Ribbonfeldern. 98 % der an Zellmembranen angrenzenden Ribbonfelder lagen benachbarten Pinealocyten, der Rest Nerven, Blutgefäßen und Bindegewebe gegenüber. Es wird angenommen, daß die SR der Säugerzirbeldrüse keine funktionslosen phylogenetischen Relikte darstellen, sondern echte Zellorganellen sind, die möglicherweise benachbarte Pinealzellen funktionell koppeln.

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This study was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn.

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Vollrath, L., Huss, H. The synaptic ribbons of the guinea-pig pineal gland under normal and experimental conditions. Z.Zellforsch 139, 417–429 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00306595

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