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Determination of empirical parameters of solvent polarity E T in binary mixtures by solvatochromic pyridinium-N-phenol betaine dyes

Bestimmung empirischer Parameter der Lösungsmittelpolarität ET in binären Gemischen mittels solvatochromer Pyridinium-N-phenolbetain-Farbstoffe

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Zusammenfassung

Empirische Parameter der Lösungsmittelpolarität E T einiger reiner Lösungsmittel und ihrer binären Mischungen (insbesondere mit CCl4 und CHCl3) wurden mit Hilfe von solvatochromen Pyridinium-N-phenolbetain-Farbstoffen bestimmt. Für 16 binäre Lösungsmittelgemische wurden Eichkurven ermittelt. Die erhaltenen E T -Werte zeigen, daß organische Lösungsmittel mit C=O-, P=O- und S=O-Gruppen in Mischungen mit Chloroform einen synergistischen Polaritätseffekt aufweisen. Die Zunahme der E T -Werte in diesen binären Mischungen beruht auf der Bildung von durch Wasserstoff brücken gebundenen 1∶1-Komplexen X=O... H-CCl3. Die Verlängerung der Alkylkette führt zu einer Zunahme des Synergismus bei dieser Art von Komplexen.

Summary

Empirical parameters of solvent polarity E T of some pure solvents and their binary mixtures (especially with CCl4 and CHCl3) were determined spectrophotometrically using solvatochromic pyridinium-N-phendl betaine dyes. Calibration curves are given for 16 binary solvent mixtures. The obtained E T values show that a synergetic polarity effect appears with the organic solvents containing C=O, P=O, and S=O groups in the mixture with chloroform. With these binary mixtures the increase of E T values results from the formation of 1∶1 complexes X=O... H-CCl3 by means of hydrogen bonding. Increasing number of methylene groups in the chain increases the synergism with these type of complexes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Dynamics Laboratory, The Boris Kidrić Institute Beograd, Yugoslavia

    Z. B. Maksimović & A. Spirić

  2. Fachbereich Chemie, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    C. Reichardt

Authors
  1. Z. B. Maksimović
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  2. C. Reichardt
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  3. A. Spirić
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Additional information

Pyridinium-N-phenol betaines and their application for the characterization of solvent polarities, VII.-VI. Commun.: Reichardt, C.: Liebigs Ann. Chem. 752, 64 (1971).

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Maksimović, Z.B., Reichardt, C. & Spirić, A. Determination of empirical parameters of solvent polarity E T in binary mixtures by solvatochromic pyridinium-N-phenol betaine dyes. Z. Anal. Chem. 270, 100–104 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00434059

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00434059

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