Summary
Pretreatment of rats with (+)cyanidanol-3 decreases the alterations in liver function tests (transaminase and bilirubin) as well as the accumulation of hepatic triglycerides induced by acute doses of galactosamine or carbon tetrachloride.
This action was related to the dose of (+)cyanidanol-3 administered. The lowest effective doses were 3 intraperitoneal injections of 125 mg/kg administered before galactosamine or carbon tetrachloride.
In the case of carbon tetrachloride intoxication, in vivo administration of (+)cyanidanol-3 reduced to a slight extent the absorption of conjugated dienes produced in liver microsomal lipid.
This observation confirms that (+)cyanidanol-3 is able to prevent lipid peroxidation in vivo. As the protective effect of (+)cyanidanol-3 becomes apparent in two types of intoxication which are very different in their primary mechanisms of action, it is suggested that, the flavonoid also acts on a later stage of the process leading to necrosis and steatosis of the liver.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Armitage, P.: Statistical Methods in Medical Research, pp. 202–211, 217–232. Oxford: Blackwell 1971
Bergmeyer, H. U., Bernt, E.: Glutamate-oxaloacetate Transaminase, U. V. Assay, Manual Method. In: Methods of enzymatic analysis, vol. 2 (H. U. Bergmeyer, ed.), pp. 727–733. Weinheim: Verlag Chemie, New York and London: Academic Press, Inc. 1974a
Bergmeyer, H. U., Bernt, E.: Glutamate-pyruvate Transaminase, U. V. Assay, Manual Method. In: Methods of enzymatic analysis, vol. 2 (H. U. Bergmeyer, ed.), pp. 752–758. Weinheim: Verlag Chemie, New York and London: Academic Press, Inc. 1974b
Calder, R. M.: The protective action of xanthine and other insoluble substances on the liver. J. Path. 54, 369–373 (1942)
Castro, J. A., De Ferreyra, E. C., De Castro, C. R., De Fenos, O. M., Diaz Gomez, M. I., Gram, T. E., Reagan, R. L., Guarino, A. M.: Studies on the role of protein synthesis in cell injury by toxic agents. Tox. Appl. Pharmacol. 41, 305–320 (1977)
Chiang, S. P., Gessert, C. F., Lowry, O. H.: Colorimetric determination of extracted lipids. An adaptation for microgram amounts obtained from cerumen. In: Curr. List. Med. Lit., 33, Res. Report, 56–113, Air University School of Aviation Medicine, USAF, Texas (1957)
Decker, K., Keppler, D., Pausch, J.: The regulation of pyrimidine nucleotide level and its role in experimental hepatitis. Adv. Enzyme Regul. 11, 205–230 (1973)
Dianzani, M. U., Ugazio, G.: Lipoperoxidation after carbon tetrachloride poisoning in rats previously treated with antioxidants. Chem. Biol. Interact. 6, 67–79 (1973)
Farber, J., Gill, G., Konishi, Y.: Prevention of galactosamine induced liver cell necrosis by uridine. Am. J. Pathol. 72, 53–60 (1973)
Folch, J., Lees, M., Sloane Stanley, G. H.: A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226, 497–509 (1957)
Gajdos, A., Gajdos-Török, M., Horn, R.: The effect of (+)catechin on the hepatic level of ATP and the lipid content of liver during experimental steatosis. Biochem. Pharmacol. 21, 595–600 (1972)
Heath, D. F.: Normal or log-normal: Appropriate distributions. Nature 213, 1159–1160 (1967)
Horn, R., Vonder Mühll, M., Comte, M., Grandroques, C.: Action de quelques catéchines sur l'activité d'une enzyme (la cytochrome-oxydase) de la chaîne respiratoire. Experientia 26, 1081–1082 (1970)
Kappus, H., Köster-Albrecht, D., Remmer, H.: 2-Hydroxyoestradiol and (+)cyanidanol-3 prevent lipid peroxidation of isolated rat hepatocytes. Arch. Toxicol. Suppl. 2, 321–326 (1979)
Keppler, D., Rudigier, J., Reutter, W., Lesch, R., Decker, K.: Orotate prevents galactosamine hepatitis. Hoppe Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 351, 102–104 (1970)
Keppler, D., Pausch, J., Decker, K.: Selective uridine triphosphate deficiency induced by d-galactosamine in liver and reversed by pyrimidine nucleotide precursors. J. Biol. Chem. 249, 211–216 (1974)
Klaassen, C. D., Plaa, G. L.: Comparison of the biochemical alterations elicited in liver from rats treated with CCl4, CHCl3, CCl2H-CClH2 and Cl3C-CH3. Biochem. Pharmacol. 18, 2019–2027 (1969)
Koff, R. S., Connelly, L. J. D.: Modification of the hepatotoxicity of d-galactosamine in the rat by cycloheximide. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 151, 519–522 (1976)
Köster-Albrecht, D., Köster, U., Kappus, H., Remmer, H.: Inhibition of CBrCl3 induced lipid peroxidation in rats in vivo by (+)cyanidanol-3. Toxicol. Lett. 3, 363–368 (1979)
Lecoq, R.: Dosage de la bilirubine totale. In: Manuel d'analyses médicales et de biologie clinique, pp. 366–369. Paris: Editions Doin-Deren et Cie. 1967
McLean, A. E. M., Nuttall, L.: An in vitro model of liver injury using paracetamol treatment of liver slices and prevention of injury by some antioxidants. biochem. Pharmacol. 27, 425–430 (1978)
Niebes, P., Ponard, G.: Stabilization of rat liver lysosomes by (+)cyanidanol-3 in vivo. Biochem. Pharmacol. 24, 905–909 (1975)
Petrelli, M., Stenger, R. J.: The effect of trypan blue on the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride in the rat. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 10, 115–128 (1969)
Rasenack, U., Grün, M., Liehr, H.: Galactosamine hepatitis in rats with different phagocytic activity of liver RES. Acta Hepatogastroenterol 22, 29–35 (1974)
Recknagel, R. O., Glende, E. A.: Carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: An example of lethal cleavage. C. R. C. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 2, 263–297 (1973)
Reutter, W., Bauer, C., Lesch, R.: On the mechanism of action of galactosamine: Different response to d-galactosamine of rat liver during development. Naturwissenschaften 57, 674–675 (1970)
Reutter, W., Bauer, C., Bachmann, W., Lesch, R.: Über die primäre und sekundäre biochemische Antwort der Leber nach Gabe von d-Galactosamin beim Zustandekommen der Galaktosaminhepatitis. Verh. Dtsch. Ges. Inn. Med. 79, 927–930 (1973)
Reutter, W., Hassels, B., Lesch, R.: Induction and prevention of galactosamine hepatitis. In: New trends in the therapy of liver diseases (A. Bertelli, ed.), pp. 121–127. Basel: S. Karger 1975
Sardesai, V. M., Manning, J. A.: The determination of triglycerides in plasma and tissues. Clin. Chem. 14, 156–161 (1968)
Slater, T. F., Eakins, M. N.: Interactions of (+)cyanidanol-3 with free radical generating systems. In: New trends in the therapy of liver diseases (A. Bertelli, ed.), pp. 84–89. Basel: S. Karger 1975
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Perrissoud, D., Weibel, I. Protective effect of (+)cyanidanol-3 in acute liver injury induced by galactosamine or carbon tetrachloride in the rat. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 312, 285–291 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00499159
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00499159