Abstract
Fullerite single crystals were prepared by a sublimation-condensation method in a closed evacuated glass tube situated in a double-temperature-gradient furnace. Crystals of various size and up to 9 mg weight with well expressed smooth and shiny faces were obtained. X-ray analysis, interfacial angle measurements and observed morphological habits of selected crystals of C60 confirm the theoretically predicted and experimentally well established fcc structure at room temperature with two types of morphological faces, namely {111} and {100}. A strong tendency to twinning was observed. In the case of C70 crystals, a pure fcc structure was observed. Information on growth kinetics and on instability versus exposure to air and light were obtained from surface studies. Characteristic changes in a thin surface layer were observed when crystals were exposed to air and light. A new phase of C60 stabilized by oxygen was characterized.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Y. Yosida, T. Arai, H. Suematsu: Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 1043 (1992)
R. Ceolin, V. Agafonov, C. Fabre, A. Rassat, A. Dworkin, D. Andre, H. Szwarc, A.J. Schierbeek, P. Bernier, A. Zahab: J. Phys. I (France) 2, 1 (1992)
B. Morosin, P.P. Newcomer, R.J. Baughman, E.L. Venturini, D. Loy, J.E. Schirber: Physica C 21 (1991)
S. Pekker, G. Faigel, K. Fodor-Csorba, L. Granasy, E. Jakab, M. Tegze: Solid State Commun. 83, 423 (1992)
R.M. Fleming, A.R. Kortan, B. Hessen, T. Siegrist, F.A. Thiel, P. Marsh, R.C. Haddon, R. Tycko, G. Dabbagh, M.L. Kaplan, A.M. Mujsce: Phys. Rev. B 44, 888 (1991)
R.M. Fleming, T. Siegrist, P.M. Marsh, B. Hessen, A.R. Kortan, D.W. Murphy, R.C. Haddon, R. Tycko, G. Dagbbah, A.M. Mujsce, M.L. Kaplan, S.M. Zahurak: Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 206, 691 (1991)
R.L. Meng, D. Ramirez, X. Jiang, P.C. Chow, C. Diaz, K. Matsuishi, S.G. Moss, P.H. Hor, C.W. Chu: Appl. Phys. Lett. 5, 3402 (1991)
P.N. Sacta, B.I. Greene, A.R. Kortan, N. Kopylov, F.A. Thiel: Chem. Phys. Lett. 190, 184 (1992)
M. Haluška, P. Rogl, H. Kuzmany: Springer Ser. Solid-State Sci. (to be published)
J. Li, S. Komiya, T. Tamura, C. Nagasaki, J. Kihara, K. Kishio, K. Kitazawa: Physica C 1, 205 (1992)
M.A. Verheijen, H. Meekes, G. Meijer, E. Raas, P. Bennema: Chem. Phys. Lett. 191, 339 (1992)
M.A. Verheijen, H. Meekes, G. Meijer, P. Bennema, J.L. de Boer, S. van Smaalen, G. van Tandeloo, S. Amelincks, S. Muto, J. van Landuyt: Chem. Phys. 166, 287 (1992)
M. Chung, Y. Wang, J.W. Brill, X.-D. Xiang, R. Mostovoy, J.G. Hou, A. Zettl: Phys. Rev. B 4, 13831 (1992)
B. Morosin, M.S. Fuhrer, X.-D. Xiang, A. Zettl: (unpublished)
J. Abrefah., D.R. Olander, M. Balooch, W.J. Siekhaus: Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 1313 (1992)
M. Matus: Private communication
L.D. Marks: J. Crystal Growth 61, 556 (1983)
C. Giacovazzo: Crystallographyc computing: In Fundamentals of Crystalography, ed. by C. Giacovazzo (Oxford Science Publication 1992) p. 134
F. Rosenberger: Fundamentals of crystal growth from vapors, In Crystal Growth in Science and Technology, ed. by H. Arend, J. Hulliger (Plenum, New York 1987)
M.E. Glicksman: Fundamentals of Dendritic Growth, In Crystal Growth in Science and Technology, ed. by H. Arend, J. Hulliger (Plenum, New York 1987) p. 167
R.-F. Xiao, J.I.D. Alexander, F. Rosenberger: J. Crystal Growth 109, 43 (1991)
J.Q. Li, Z.X. Zhao, Y.L. Li, D.B. Zhu, Z.Z. Gan, D.L. Yin: Physica C 196, 135 (1992)
S. Amelinckx, C. van Heurck, D. van Dyck, G. van Tandeloo: Phys. Status Solidi (a) 131, 589 (1992)
Z.G. Li, P.J. Fagan: Chem. Phys. Lett. 194, 461 (1992)
B. Brezina, J. Fousek: Twinning in Crystals, In Crystal Growth in Science and Technology, ed. by H. Arend, J. Hulliger (Plenum, New York 1987) p. 185
S.J. Duclos, R.C. Haddon, S.H. Glarum, A.F. Hebard, K.B. Lyons: Solid State Commun. 80, 481 (1991)
P.H. M. Loosdrecht, P.J.M. van Bentum, M.A. Verheijen, G. Meijer: Chem. Phys. Lett. 198, 587 (1992)
M. Matus, H. Kuzmany: Appl. Phys. A 56, 241 (1993)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haluška, M., Kuzmany, H., Vybornov, M. et al. A double-temperature-gradient technique for the growth of single-crystal fullerites from the vapor phase. Appl. Phys. A 56, 161–167 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00539469
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00539469