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Chrysanthemen-allergie

2. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Identifizierung der Allergene

Chrysanthemum allergy

Pt. II: Experimental Studies on the Causative Agents

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Summary

Experimental studies on allergic contact dermatitis due toChrysanthemum indicum L.(Chrysanthemum x-morifolium) (chrysanthemum of the florists) have indicated the following results:

  1. 1.

    In 5 patients with allergic contact dermatitis from chrysanthemum oil of turpentine and its sensitizing compounds gave no patch test responses. No relationship between contact allergy due to chrysanthemus and to turpentine oil could be determined.

  2. 2.

    The pyrethrins, constituents with insecticidal activity, derived from certain Chrysanthemum species and often suspected as the causative agents, play no role in chrysanthemum allergy.

  3. 3.

    Tests on sensitized guinea pigs (Pirl bright white strain) with flowers of chrysanthemum as well as with the two sesquiterpene lactones parthenolide and alantolactone, derived from different Compositae species, gave positive patch test reactions. The results showed that parthenolide produced stronger reactions than alantolactone.

  4. 4.

    By thin layer chromatography neither parthenolide, nor alantolactone or pyrethrosin could be detected in extracts of chrysanthemum flowers of the florists. But the investigations indicated that several other terpenic compounds are present, which gave positive color reactions to certain lactone reagents. Five of them showed strong positive patch test reactions in our patients as well as in sensitized guinea pigs.

Further studies are required to identify these compounds.

Zusammenfassung

Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Ursachen der durchChrysanthemum indicum L. (auchChrysanthemum morifolium RAM.) hervorgerufenen Allergie vom Ekzemtyp (Typ IV) ergaben folgendes:

  1. 1.

    Bei 5 Patienten durchgeführte Epicutanteste mit Terpentinöl und dessen allergen wirksamen Komponenten hatten ein negatives Resultat. Allergene Beziehungen zwischen Terpentinöl einerseits und Chrysanthemen andererseits scheinen nicht zu bestehen.

  2. 2.

    Die insektizid wirksamen Pyrethrine spielen in der Ätiologie der Chrysanthemenallergie offenbar keine Rolle.

  3. 3.

    Mit Chrysanthemenblüten und -blättern sowie mit den Sesquiterpenlaktonen Parthenolid (ausChrysanthemum parthenium L.) und Alantolakton (ausInula helenium L.) ist es gelungen, Albino-Meerschweinchen zu sensibilisieren. Vergleichende Untersuchungen ergaben, daß von den beiden Sesquiterpenlaktonen Parthenolid das stärkere Sensibilisierungsvermögen besitzt.

  4. 4.

    In chromatographischen Untersuchungen von Extrakten aus Chrysanthemenblüten konnten weder Parthenolid, Alantolakton noch Pyrethrosin nachgewiesen werden. Es fanden sich aber mehrere andere Verbindungen, die auf Laktonnachweisreagentien ansprachen. Von diesen führten 5 zu starken Ekzemreaktionen bei sensibilisierten Patienten und Meerschweinchen. Zu ihrer näheren Charakterisierung bedarf es noch weiterer Untersuchungen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitäts-Hautklinik Hamburg-Eppendorf, Allergologische Abteilung, BRD

    K. H. Schulz, B. M. Hausen, L. Wallhöfer & P. Schmidt-Löffler

Authors
  1. K. H. Schulz
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  2. B. M. Hausen
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  3. L. Wallhöfer
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  4. P. Schmidt-Löffler
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Additional information

Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.

L. Wallhöfer gab als Doktorand einen wichtigen Beitrag zu dieser Arbeit.

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Schulz, K.H., Hausen, B.M., Wallhöfer, L. et al. Chrysanthemen-allergie. Arch. Derm. Res. 251, 235–244 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00561765

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00561765

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