Abstract
The solar spectrum of wavelength 350–800 nm has been measured for the four seasons. The intensity of the solar radiation in W m-2 nm-1 has been calculated and used to estimate the monochromatic optical depth of Bahrain's sky. It was found that the optical depth (i.e., extinction coefficient,k) is least in winter and highest in summer. Comparison of the hourly variation of the optical depth between Bahrain's atmosphere and that of Dhahran (Saudi Arabia) shows that the abundance of small size particles in the former is more than in the latter. This causes more extinction effect in Bahrain than in Dhahran, especially in the wavelengths 350–525 nm. The relation betweenk andλ for each season in Bahrain is in the formk =Aλ n, whereA is a constant andn is a negative integer, is reported in this study.
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Awadalla, N.S., Alnaser, W.E. Solar spectrum distribution and optical depth of Bahrain's sky. Earth Moon Planet 60, 251–264 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572522
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572522