Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Role of the retention of water and sodium in two types of experimental renovascular hypertension in the rat

  • Published:
Pflügers Archiv Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The effect of either removing the clamped kidney or unclamping the renal artery on hypertension induced by partial constriction of one renal artery with (one-kidney Goldblatt hypertension) or without contralateral nephrectomy (two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension) was studied in rats, and the influence of unclamping on urinary water and electrolyte excretion was measured. In one-kidney Goldblatt hypertension, removal of the clamped kidney lowered blood pressure in the initial stage (first week), but had no significant effect on established hypertension. In contrast, unclamping rapidly and permanently normalized blood pressure in the chronic stage, and induced a transient, marked increase of urinary excretion of water, sodium and potassium. Ligating the ureter immediately before unclamping prevented the permanent (24 h) fall in arterial pressure, but did not abolish an initial (6 h) fall of blood pressure. In two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension, removal of the clamped kidney consistently caused a rapid return of the arterial pressure to normal, irrespective of the duration of hypertension, and unrelated to the excetory function of the contralateral kidney. Hypertensive rats of this type excreted significantly more sodium, potassium and water than control rats. Unclamping normalized blood pressure and did not significantly increase urinary sodium and water excretion, but sharply decreased potassium excretion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bianchi, G., Tilde-Tenconi, L., Lucca, R.: Effect in the conscious dog of constriction of the renal artery to a sole remaining kidney on haemodynamics, sodium balance, body fluid volumes, plasma renin concentration and pressor response to angiotensin. Clin. Sci.38, 741 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Blacket, R. B., Sellers, A. L.: The effect of removing the constriction of the renal artery in acute and chronic hypertension in the rabbit. Clin. Sci.10, 177 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Blair-West, J. R., Coghlan, J. P., Denton, D. A., Orchard, E., Scoggins, B. A., Wright, R. D.: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and sodium balance in experimental renal hypertension. Endocrinology83, 1199 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Brown, T. C., Davis, J. O., Olichney, M. J., Johnston, C. I.: Relation of plasma renin to sodium balance and arterial pressure in experimental hypertension. Circulat. Res.18, 475 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Brunner, H.: Gesteigerter Na-Umsatz bei renal hypertonischen Ratten. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmak.267, 278 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Brunner, H. R., Kirsham, J. D., Sealey, J. E., Laragh, J. H.: Hypertension of renal origin: evidence for two different mechanisms. Science174, 1344 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Byrom, F. B., Dodson, L. F.: The mechanism of the vicious circle in chronic hypertension. Clin. Sci.8, 1 (1949)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Byrom, F. B., Wilson, C.: A plethysmographic method for measuring systolic blood pressure in the intact rat. J. Physiol. (Lond.)93, 301 (1938)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Coleman, T. G., McCaa, R. E., McCaa, C. S.: Effect of angiotensin II on aldosterone secretion in the conscious rat. Abst. Meet. Circulation (in press) (1973)

  10. Conway, J.: Changes in sodium balance and hemodynamics during development of experimental renal hypertension in dogs. Circulat. Res.22, 763 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  11. DeJong, W.: Experimental renal hypertension in intact and in adrenalectomized rats. Acta physiol. pharmacol. neerl.15, 408 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Floyer, M. A.: Further studies on the mechanism of experimental hypertension in the rat. Clin. Sci.14, 163 (1955)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fujii, J., Yazaki, Y.: Renin, electrolyes and water intake in two types of experimental hypertension. Amer. J. Physiol.222, 979 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Funder, J. W., Blair-West, J. R., Cain, M. C., Catt, K. J., Coghlan, J. P., Denton, D. A., Nelson, J. F., Scoggins, B. A., Wright, R. D.: Circulatory and humoral changes in the reversal of renovascular hypertension in sheep by unclipping the renal artery. Circulat. Res.27, 249 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Guyton, A. C., Coleman, T. G.: Long-term regulation of the circulation: interrelationship with body fluid volumes. In: Physical bases of circulatory transport, E. B. Reeve and A. C. Guyton, Eds., p. 179. Philadelphia-London: W. B. Saunders Comp. 1967

    Google Scholar 

  16. Harris, R. C., Ayers, C. R.: Renal hemodynamics and plasma renin activity after renal artery constriction in conscious dogs. Circulat. Res.31, 520 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Helmchen, U., Kneissler, U., Churchill, P., Peters-Haefeli, L., Schaechtelin, G., Peters, G.: Plasma renin activity in renal hypertensive rats. Pflügers Arch.332, 232 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Helmchen, U., Kneissler, U., Liard, J. F., Peters, G.: Renin secretion in the earliest stages of Goldblatt-type hypertension in rats. Klin. Wschr.50, 841 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Heptinstall, R. H.: The role of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in experimental renal hypertension in the rat. Lab. Invest.14, 2150 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Koletsky, S., Pavlicko, K. M., Rivera-Velez, J. M.: Renin-angiotensin activity in hypertensive rats with a single ischemic kidney. Lab. Invest.24, 41 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Koletsky, S., Rivera-Velez, J. M.: Factors determining success or failure of nephrectomy in experimental renal hypertension. J. Lab. clin. Med.76, 54 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kramer, P., Ochwadt, B.: Sodium excretion in Goldblatt hypertension. Longterm separate kidney function studies in rats by means of a new technique. Pflügers Arch.332, 332 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ledingham, J. M., Cohen, R. D.: Circulatory changes during the reversal of experimental hypertension, Clin. Sci.22, 69 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Ledingham, J. M., Cohen, R. D.: Changes in extracellular fluid volumes and cardiac output during the development of experimental renal hypertension. Canad. med. Ass. J.90, 292 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Liard, J. F.: Effet de l'ablation partielle ou totale du tissu rénal sur l'hypertension rénovasculaire chez le rat. Experientia (Basel)25, 934 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Liard, J. F., McCaa, C. S.: Reversal of Goldblatt hypertension in conscious dogs: changes in sodium balance, plasma volume, plasma renin activity and aldosterone. Fed. Proc.32, 397 (abstract) (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Liard, J. F., Peters, G.: Mechanism of the fall in blood pressure after “unclamping” in rats with Goldblatt-type hypertension. Experientia (Basel)26, 743 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Ljungqvist, A.: Intrarenal vascular alterations and the persistence of experimental hypterension. Acta path. microbiol. scand.76, 561 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lowitz, H. D., Stumpe, K. O., Ochwadt, B.: Natrium- und Wasser-resorption in den verschiedenen Abschnitten des Nephrons beim experimentellen renalen Hochdruck der Ratte. Pflügers Arch.304, 322 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lucas, J., Floyer, M. A.: Body fluid distribution and pressure in experimental hypertension. Clin. Sci.42, 2P (1972)

  31. Lucas, J., Floyer, M. A.: Renal control of changes in the compliance of the interstitial space: a factor on the aetiology of renoprival hypertension. Clin. Sci.44, 397 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  32. MacDonald, G. J., Louis, W. J., Renzini, V., Boyd, G. W., Peart, W. S.: Renalclip hypertension in rabbits immunized against angiotensin II. Circulat. Res.27, 197 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Miksche, L. W., Miksche, U., Gross, F.: Effect of sodium restriction on renal hypertension and on renin activity in the rat. Circulat. Res.27, 973 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Pickering, G. W.: The role of the kidney in acute and chronic hypertension following renal artery constriction in the rabbit. Clin. Sci.5, 229 (1945)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Regoli, D., Hess, R., Brunner, H., Peters, G., Gross, F.: Interrelationship of renin content in kidneys and blood pressure in renal hypertensive rats. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn.140, 416 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Selkurt, E. E.: Effect of pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure modification on renal hemodynamics and electrolyte and water excretion. Circulation4, 541 (1951)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Singer, B., Losito, C., Salmon, S.: Aldosterone and corticosterone secretion rates in rats which experimental renal hypertension. Acta endocr. (Kbh.)44, 505 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Swales, J. D., Thurston, H., Queiroz, F. P., Media, A.: Sodium balance during the development of experimental renal hypertension. J. Lab. clin. Med.80, 539 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Tobian, L., Coffee, K., McCrea, P.: Contrasting exchangeable sodium in rats with different types of Goldblatt hypertension. Amer. J. Physiol.217, 457 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Tobian, L., Ishii, M.: Interstitial cell granules and solutes in renal papilla in post Goldblatt hypertension. Amer. J. Physiol.217, 1699 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Wilson, C., Byrom, F. B.: Renal changes in malignant hypertension. Lancet236, 136 (1939)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Wilson, C., Byrom, F. B.: The vicious circle in chronic Bright's disease. Experimental evidence from the hypertensive rat. Quart. J. Med.10, 65 (1941)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. Jean-François Liard

    Present address: Cleveland Clinic Foundation Research Division, 44106, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Insitut de Pharmacologie de l'Université de Lausanne, 21, Rue du Bugnon, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Jean-François Liard & Georges Peters

Authors
  1. Jean-François Liard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Georges Peters
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Supported by Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique, Grants No. 5313.3 and 3369.70.

Preliminary communications: Liard, 1969 [25]; Liard and Peters, 1970 [27].

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Liard, JF., Peters, G. Role of the retention of water and sodium in two types of experimental renovascular hypertension in the rat. Pflugers Arch. 344, 93–108 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00586544

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00586544

Key words

Search

Navigation