Abstract
Superlattices of [001]fcc Co/Pd with varying Co thicknesses from one to eight atomic layers per modulation period were epitaxially grown on NaCl by vapour deposition in UHV. Transmission electron diffraction indicates lattice coherence between the Co and the Pd layers for Co thicknesses up to six atomic layers. If deposited at a substrate temperatureT s=50°C, only the superlattices containing Ci-monolayers show perpendicular magnetization. By raisingT s to 200°C, the perpendicular anisotropy for Co monolayers is increased, and is also observed for Co bilayers. We suggest that this is due tolayer smoothening, which increases Néel's interface anisotropy. For more than 6 atomic layers of Co a loss of coherence is observed atT s=50°C, accompanied by a structure transformation to hcp Co with a (0001)Co∥(111)Pd orientation.
Non-epitaxial polycrystalline [111]-multilayers have a different anisotropy versus thickness behaviour. For such multilayers the range of Co thicknesses giving perpendicular magnetization is extended from 8 Å up to 12 Å atT s=200°C. The different behaviour of the single crystal [001] films is caused by a strong volume contribution to the anisotropy, which favours in-plane magnetization, opposing the perpendicular interface anisotropy. This easy-plane term is attributed to magneto-elastic anisotropy due to stretching of the Co layers, via a positive magnetostriction.
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den Broeder, F.J.A., Kuiper, D., Donkersloot, H.C. et al. A comparison of the magnetic anisotropy of [001] and [111] oriented Co/Pd Multilayers. Appl. Phys. A 49, 507–512 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00617017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00617017