Abstract
We discuss the failure of general relativity to provide a proper Newtonian limit when the spacetime dimensionality is reduced to 2+1 and try to bypass this difficulty by assuming alternative equations for the gravitational field. We investigate the properties of spacetimes generated by circularly symmetric matter distributions in two cases: weakening Einstein equations, and by considering the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity. A comparison with the corresponding Newtonian picture is made.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adler, R., Bazin, M., and Shiffer, M. (1975).Introduction to General Relativity, Sec. 4.3., 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, Tokyo.
Andronov, A. A.,et al. (1973).Qualitative Theory of Second Order Dynamic Systems, Wiley, New York.
Bezerra, V. B. (1990).Annals of Physics,203, 392.
Cornish, N. J., and Frankel, N. E. (1991).Physical Review D,43, 2555.
Deser, S., Jackiw, R., and Hooft, G. (1984).Annals of Physics,152, 220.
Elmer, J. A., and Olenick, R. P. (1982).American Journal of Physics B,50, 160, 179.
Hiscock, W. A. (1985).Physical Review D,31, 3288.
Jackiw, R. (1985).Nuclear Physics B,252, 343.
Romero, C., and Barros, A. (1993).Physics Letters A,173, 243.
Vilenkin, A. (1981).Physical Review D,23, 852.
Wilkins, D. (1984).American Journal of Physics, B,54, 726.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Romero, C., Dahia, F. Theories of gravity in 2 + 1 dimensions. Int J Theor Phys 33, 2091–2098 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00675174
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00675174