Conclusions
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1.
The strength and ductility of steels at 20° decrease with increasing amounts of Widmanstatten structure and increasing grain sizes. However, the strength characteristics of steels with Widmanstatten structure are higher, and the ductility lower, than for steels with the same grain size but rounded grains, with coarser pearlite and ferrite supersaturated with carbon.
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2.
When the Widmanstatten structure exceeds grade 3 the relaxation resistance at 430° increases, mainly due to larger grain sizes. At higher grdes of Widmanstatten structure the relaxation resistance decreases.
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Literature cited
N. F. Bolkhovitinov, Metal Science and Heat Treatment [in Russian], Mashinostroenie, Moscow (1965).
K. I. Belyunas and R. Popil'skis, "The problem of Widmanstatten structure," in: Transactions of the Kaunas Polytechnic Institute [in Russian], Vol. 14, Section III, Vil'nyus (1961), p. 15.
K. I. Belyunas and V. S. Yuodelis, "Effect of the character, of Widmanstatten structure on the relaxation resistance and mechanical properties of carbon steels," in: Resistance of Materials [in Russian], Materials of the Litovsk Republic 19th Scientific-Technical Conference, Kaunas (1969), p. 18.
K. I. Belyunas, "Effect of structurally free cementite on relaxation of stresses in steels," Metalloved. Term. Obrab. Met., No. 6, 77 (1974).
S. S. Shteinberg, Heat Treatment of Steel [in Russian], Selected Papers, Mashgiz, Moscow-Sverdlovsk (1950), p. 87.
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Institute of Raising Qualifications of Specialists of the National Economy of the Litovsk SSR. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 2, pp. 54–55, February, 1977.
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Belyunas, K.I. Relaxation resistance of carbon steels in relation to the structure. Met Sci Heat Treat 19, 139–141 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00703161
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00703161