Conclusions
The following effects of fatty acids and acyl-CoA thioesters on energy metabolism of mitochondria can now be assumed:
-
(1)
Inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocation. This effect may increase the energy state of mitochondria respiring under state 3 conditions and decrease phosphorylation potential in the surrounding medium (the cytoplasm).
-
(2)
Increased permeability to monovalent cations. This may lead to a partial energy dissipation due to a futile recycling of K+ (or another cation), namely an energy-dependent uptake and a passive outflow.
-
(3)
True uncoupling due to increased permeability to protons. This effect probably occurs at high concentrations of fatty acids only.
-
(4)
Substrate effect. Fatty acids in the form of acyl-CoA are excellent respiratory substrates for mitochondria of most tissues. Their oxidation is coupled to the generation of high energy state of the mitochondrial membrane and, consequently, to ATP synthesis.
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Wojtczak, L. Effect of long-chain fatty acids and acyl-CoA on mitochondrial permeability, transport, and energy-coupling processes. J Bioenerg Biomembr 8, 293–311 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00765158
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00765158