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Effect of ammonium nitrate on nodulation and nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) of the tropical legumeSesbania rostrata

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Summary

The effect of ammonium nitrate on nodulation and nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction activity) was investigated usingSesbania rostrata, a tropical legume with the ability to nodulate both roots and stems. Plants were grown in plastic pots on silica sand and gravel, inoculated one month after sowing and then continuously irrigated with an automatic irrigation system. Four nitrogen treatments were applied: 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0mm NH4NO3. Related symbiotic parameters were evaluated 20 days later. With 3.0mm NH4NO3, root nodulation was inhibited. At that concentration, stem nodulation was not affected, but related nitrogenase activity decreased 85% and was completely inhibited at 6.0mm NH4NO3. Increasing NH4NO3 concentration resulted in a diminution of stem nodule size. Stem and root acetylene reduction were strongly inhibited by high mineral nitrogen concentrations; however root nitrogen fixation was more affected than stem nitrogen fixation.

Résumé

L'effet du nitrate d'ammonium sur la nodulation et la fixation d'azote (réduction de l'acétylène) a été étudié avec la légumineuse tropicaleSesbania rostrata, qui présente la particularité de noduler à la fois sur la tige et sur les racines. Les plantes ont été cultivées dans des pots en plastique sur un mélange constitué de sable siliceux et de gravier. Un mois après le semis, elles ont été inoculées et placées sous irrigation continue au moyen d'un système automatique permettant l'apport du milieu nutritif. Quatre concentrations en azote ont été utilisées: 0, 1,5, 3,0 et 6,0 mmol/l NH4NO3. Les paramètres symbiotiques ont été analysés 20 jours plus tard. La nodulation racinaire est totalement inhibée en présence de 3,0 mmol/l NH4NO3. Cette concentration en azote combiné n'a pas d'effet apparent sur la formation des nodules de tige, mais leur activité nitrogénase diminue de 85%; leur activité est totalement inhibée en présence de 6,0 mmol/l NH4NO3. L'augmentation de la concentration en nitrate d'ammonium, se traduit par une diminution de la taille des nodules de tige. Les fortes concentrations en azote combiné ont un effet inhibiteur très marqué sur les activités réductrices d'acétylène racinaire ou caulinaire deS. rostrata; toutefois cet effet est plus sensible au niveau racinaire qu'au niveau caulinaire.

Resumen

Se estudió el efecto del nitrato amónico en la nodulación y la fijación de nitrógeno, medida mediante la reducción de acetileno, utilizandoSesbania rostrata, una leguminosa tropical que forma nódulos tanto en raíz como en tallo. Las plantas se cultivaron en arena de sílice y grava, en macetas de plástico, se inocularon un mes después de la siembra y a partir de este momento se regaron continua y automáticamente. Se aplicaron cuatro tratamientos de N; 0, 1.5, 3.0, y 6.0mm NH4NO3 Los parámetros relativos a la simbiosis se evaluaron 20 días después. La nodulación en raíz se inhibió con 3.0mm NH4NO3, sin embargo a esta concentración la nodulación en tallo no estaba inhibida aunque la actividad nitrogenasa disminuyó en un 85%, quedando totalmente inhibida a 6mm NH4NO3. El incremento en la concentración de nitrato amónico produjo una disminución del tamaño de los nódulos del tallo. Elevadas concentraciones de nitrógeno mineral inhibieron fuertemente la reducción de acetileno tanto a nivel de raíz como de tallo, aunque la fijación de nitrógeno resultó más afectada en la raíz.

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Moudiongui, A., Rinaudo, G. Effect of ammonium nitrate on nodulation and nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) of the tropical legumeSesbania rostrata . Mircen Journal 3, 235–241 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00933577

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