Abstract
Location within the brain of retrogradely labeled neurons putting out projections from the dorsal magnocellularis area of the red nucleus was investigated by means of microiontophoretic injection of horseradish peroxidase into the dorsal magnocellularis area of the cat red nucleus. Projections were found from a number of hypothalamic nuclei, the centrum medianum, parafascicular and subthalamic nuclei, zone incerta, Forel's field, nucleus medialis habenulae, pontine and bulbar reticular formation, and the following midbrain structures: the central gray matter, superior colliculus, Cajal's interstitial nucleus, reticular formation, and the contralateral red nucleus. Projections were also identified proceeding from more caudally located structures: the cerebellar fastigial nucleus, facial nucleus, medial vestibular and dorsal lateral vestibular nuclei, and ventral horns of the spinal cord cervical segments. Connections between the substantia nigra and the red nucleus were clarified. Projections to the red nucleus from the cerebral cortex, interstitial and dentate (lateral) cerebellar nuclei, the nucleus gracilis and cuneate nucleus were found, confirming data presented in the literature. Bilateral trajectories of retrogradely labeled fiber systems are described.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
V. A. Maiskii, Structural Organization and Integration of Descending Neuronal Systems of the Brain and Spinal Cord [in Russian], Naukova Dumka, Kiev (1983).
V. A. Maiskii, L. A. Savos'kina, N. N. Oleshko, and V. K. Berezovskii, "Sources of some descending forebrain systems revealed using retrograde axonal horseradish peroxidase transport techniques," Neirofiziologiya,11, No. 3, 218–226 (1979).
V. I. Pogosyan, "Neuronal organization of the cat RN magnocellularis area," Arkh. Anat. Gistol. Émbriol.,68, No. 3, 71–78 (1975).
V. I. Pogosyan and V. V. Fanardzhyan, "Afferent connections of the cat facial nucleus revealed using retrograde axonal horseradish peroxidase transport trechniques," Neirofiziologiya,18, No. 1, 35–45 (1986).
D. S. Sarkisyan and V. V. Fanardzhyan, "Excitation of rubro-spinal neurons in the cat produced by stimulating posterior column nuclei," Dokl. Akad. Nauk Arm. SSR,75, No. 2, 91–95 (1982).
D. S. Sarkisyan and V. V. Fanardzhyan, "Synaptic processes in red nucleus neurons produced by stimulating the cat substantia nigra," Neirofiziologiya,13, No. 2, 149–158 (1981).
V. V. Fanardzhyan and D. S. Sarkisyan, "Neuronal mechanisms of interaction between the red nucleus and brainstem structures," Neirofiziologiya,16, No. 5, 665–678 (1984).
V. V. Fanardzhyan, D. S. Sarkisyan, and V. I. Pogosyan, "Morphofunctional analysis of neuronal organization in the cat red nucleus," in: Mechanisms of Brain Activity [in Russian], Metsniereba, Tbilisi (1975), pp. 392–401.
A. Afifi and W. W. Kaelber, "Efferent connections of the substantia nigra in the cat," Exp. Neurol.,11, No. 4, 474–482 (1965).
M. E. Anderson, "Cerebellar and cerebral inputs to physiologically identified efferent cell groups in the red nucleus of the cat," Brain Res.,30, No. 1, 49–66 (1971).
K. J. Berkley and P. J. Hand, "Efferent projections of the gracilis nucleus in the cat," Brain Res.,153, No. 2, 263–283 (1978).
A. L. Berman, The Brain Stem of the Cat: A Cytoarchitectonic Atlas with Stereotaxic Coordinates, Univ. Wisconsin Press, Madison (1968).
J. Courville, "Somatotopical organization of the projection from the nucleus interpositus anterior of the cerebellum to the red nucleus. An experimental study in the cat with silver impregnation methods," Exp. Brain Res.,2, No. 3, 191–215 (1966).
J. Courville, "Connections of the red nucleus with the cerebellum and certain caudal brain stem structures — a review with functional considerations," Rev. Can. Biol.,27, No. 2, 127–144 (1968).
J. J. Dekker, "Anatomical evidence for direct fiber projections from the cerebellar nucleus interpositus to rubro-spinal neurons. A quantitative study by intra-axonal tracing methods," Brain Res.,205, No. 2, 229–244 (1981).
P. J. Hand and T. van Winkle, "The efferent connections of the feline nucleus cuneatus," J. Comp. Neurol.,171, No. 1, 83–110 (1977).
E. Kosar, Y. Fujito, F. Murakami, and N. Tsukahara, "Morphological and electrophysiological study of cortico-rubral fiber after lesions of the contralateral cerebrum in kitten," Brain Res.,347, No. 2, 217–224 (1985).
M. Mabuchi and T. Kusama, "The cortico-rubral projection in the cat," Brain Res.,2, No. 3, 254–273 (1966).
G. F. Martin, "Efferent tectal pathways of the opossum (Didelphis virginiana)," J. Comp. Neurol.,135, No. 2, 209–244 (1969).
M. -M. Mesulam, "Tetramethyl benzidine for HRP neurochemistry: a noncarcinogenic blue reaction-product with superior sensitivity for visualizing neural afferents and efferents," J. Histochem. Cytochem.,26, No. 2, 106–117 (1978).
Y. Nakamura, N. Mizuno, and A. Konishi, "A quantitative electron microscopic study of cerebellar axon terminals of the magnocellular red nucleus neurons in the cat," Brain Res.,147, No. 1, 17–27 (1978).
S. H. Nah and S. K. Leong, "Bilateral corticofugal projection in the red nucleus after neonatal lesion in the albino rat," Brain Res.,107, No. 2, 433–436 (1976).
C. Naus, B. A. Flumerfelt, and A. W. Hrycyshyn, "An anterograde HRP-WGA study of aberrant corticorubral projections following neonatal lesions of the rat sensorimotor cortex," Exp. Brain Res.,59, No. 2, 365–371 (1985).
C. Palmer, E. M. Schmidt, and J. S. McIntosh, "Corticospinal and corticorubral projections from the supplementary motor area in the monkey," Brain Res.,209, No. 2, 305–314 (1981).
O. Pompeiano and A. Brodal, "Experimental demonstration of a somatotopical origin of rubrospinal fibers in the cat," J. Comp. Neurol.,108, No. 2, 225–252 (1957).
F. Reinoso-Suarez, Topographischer Hirnatlas der Katze, E. Merck, Darmstadt (1961).
E. Rinvik, "The corticorubral projection in the cat. Further observations," Exp. Neurol.,12, No. 3, 278–291 (1965).
E. Rinvik and F. Walberg, "Demonstration of a somatotopically arranged cortico-rubral projection in the cat," J. Comp. Neurol.,120, No. 3, 393–407 (1963).
A. Sadum, "Differential distribution of cortical terminations in the cat red nucleus," Brain Res.,99, No. 1, 145–151 (1975).
J. R. Villablanca, C. E. Olmstead, B. J. Sonnier, et al., "Evidence of a crossed corticorubral projection in cats with one cerebral hemisphere removed neonatally," Neurosci. Lett.,33, No. 2, 241–246 (1982).
C. N. Woolsey, "Organization of somatic sensory and motor areas of cerebral cortex," in: Biological and Biochemical Basis of Behavior, H. F. Harlow and C. N. woolsey (eds.), Univ. Wisconsin Press, Madison (1958), pp. 63–81.
Additional information
L. A. Orbeli Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR, Erevan. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 810–816, November–December, 1987.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pogosyan, V.I., Fanardzhyan, V.V. Afferent connections of the dorsal magnocellularis area of the cat red nucleus. Neurophysiology 19, 592–598 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01056927
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01056927