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Oxygen isotope thermometry of basic lavas and mantle nodules

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Abstract

Measurements have been made of the oxygen isotope and chemical composition of glass and phenocrysts in lavas and coexisting minerals in mantle nodules. Temperatures of formation of these assemblages have been estimated from various chemical thermometers and range from 855° to 1,300° C. The permil fractionations between coexisting orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene in the lavas and nodules are all near zero. The fractionations between pyroxene and olivine vary from +1.2 to −1.4 and are a smooth function of temperature over the entire range. This function is given by T(° C)=1151-173Δ (px-d)-68Δ2(px-d) and has an uncertainty of ±60° (2σ). At temperatures above 1,150° C, olivine in the nodules becomes more18O-rich than coexisting clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and plagioclase. In combination with the experimental work of Muehlenbachs and Kushiro (1974), the olivine-pyroxene fractionations indicate that olivine also becomes substantially more18O-rich than basaltic liquids above 1,200° C. Geothermometers based on the oxygen isotope equilibration of basaltic liquid with olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase are presented.

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Author notes

  1. T. Kurtis Kyser

    Present address: U.S. Geological Survey, Mail Stop 963, Denver Federal Center, Box 25046, 80225, Denver, CO, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA

    T. Kurtis Kyser

  2. Branch of Isotope Geology, U.S. Geological Survey, MS 18, 94025, Menlo Park, CA, USA

    James R. O'Neil

  3. Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Ian S. E. Carmichael

Authors
  1. T. Kurtis Kyser
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  2. James R. O'Neil
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  3. Ian S. E. Carmichael
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Kyser, T.K., O'Neil, J.R. & Carmichael, I.S.E. Oxygen isotope thermometry of basic lavas and mantle nodules. Contr. Mineral. and Petrol. 77, 11–23 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01161498

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