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Colour reaction of phenols with the gibbs reagent. The reaction mechanism and decomposition and stabilisation of the reagent

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Summary

The decomposition of the Gibbs reagents (2,6-dichloro- and 2,6-dibromoquinonechloroimines) in solution is shown to occur first under the formation of the quinoneimine (which reacts very rapidly with phenol and is the operative species in the colour reaction) and then products (one of which is the tetrahaloindophenol derivative) which do not react with phenol. The rate decomposition increases with increasing pH. The reagents, when purified by crystallisation fromn-heptane and kept in the dark at room temperature, are stable. Stock 0.01M solutions in ethanol or acetone are stable for at least 6 months if stored in a refrigerator. The optimum pH for the colour reaction with phenols is 8.5. Borate, phosphate or Britton-Robinson buffers are suitable, but not ammonia or glycocoll buffers.

Zusammenfassung

Die Zersetzung des Gibbsschen Reagens (2,6-Dichlor- bzw. 2,6-Dibromchinonchlorimin) in Lösung erfolgt zuerst unter Bildung des Chinonimins (das sehr rasch mit Phenol reagiert und die wirksame Substanz bei der Farbreaktion darstellt) und führt weiter zu Produkten (zu denen auch ein Tetrahalogenindophenolderivat zählt), die nicht mit Phenol reagieren. Das Ausmaß der Zersetzung erhöht sich mit steigendem pH. Die genannten Reagenzien sind nach Umkristallisation ausn-Heptan im Dunklen bei Zimmertemperatur beständig. 0,01-m Vorratslösungen in Äthanol oder Aceton sind im Kühlschrank mindestens 6 Monate haltbar. Das pH-Optimum für die Farbreaktion mit Phenolen ist 8,5. Borat-, Phosphat- oder Britton-Robinson-Puffer sind geeignet, nicht aber Ammoniak- oder Glykokoll-Puffer.

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Svobodová, D., Křenek, P., Fraenkl, M. et al. Colour reaction of phenols with the gibbs reagent. The reaction mechanism and decomposition and stabilisation of the reagent. Mikrochim Acta 67, 251–264 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01213035

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