Summary
High-resolution flow cytometry of nuclear DNA in higher plants has been performed from chopped plant tissues and plant protoplasts. A preparation and staining procedure with the DNA specific fluorochrome DAPI, successfully employed for precise flow cytometric DNA analysis of animal and human cells has been used in a slightly modified manner for the DNA analysis of plant cell material. High-resolution DNA histograms coefficients of variation about 1–1.5% have been obtained routinely from plant species with different DNA content. Staining of nuclei with DAPI in combination with the protein fluorochrome sulforhodamine 101 allows bi-parametric analysis of nuclear DNA and protein. The described simple and precise method might be very promising for the analysis of DNA in basic and applied cytogenetic investigations of plant cell research.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CV:
-
coefficient of variation
- DAPI:
-
4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- SR 101:
-
sulforhodamine 101
References
Bennett MD, Smith JB (1976) Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philos Trans R Soc Lond 274: 227–274
Bergounioux C, Brown SC (1990) Plant cell cycle analysis with isolated nuclei. In: Darzynkiewicz Z, Crissman HA (eds) Methods in cell biology, vol 33. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 563–573
—, Perennes C, Miege C, Gadal P (1983) Rapid flow cytometric analysis of male sterility on protoplast division inPetunia hybrida. Protoplasma 130: 138–144
Dean PN (1987) Data analysis in cell kinetics research. In: Gray JW, Darzynkiewicz Z (eds) Techniques in cell cycle analysis. Humana Press, Clifton, pp 207–253
Galbraith DW (1989) Analysis of higher plants by flow cytometry and cell sorting. Int Rev Cytol 116: 165–228
— (1990) Flow cytometric analysis of plant genoms. In: Darzynkiewicz Z, Crissman HA (eds) Methods in cell biology, vol 33. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 549–562
—, Harkins KR, Maddox JM, Ayres NM, Sharma DP, Firoozabady E (1983) Rapid flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in intact plant tissues. Science 220: 1049–1151
Heller FO (1973) DNA-Bestimmungen an Keimwurzelzellen vonVicia faba mit Hilfe der Impulszytophotometrie. Ber Deutsch Bot Ges 86: 437–441
Otto FJ (1990) DAPI staining of fixed cells for high-resolution flow cytometry of nuclear DNA. In: Darzynkiewicz Z, Crissman HA (eds) Method in cell biology, vol 33. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 105–110
—, Oldiges H, Göhde W, Jain VK (1981) Flow cytometric measurement of nuclear DNA variations as a potential in vivo mutagenicity test. Cytometry 2: 189–191
Puite VJ, Ten Broeke WRR (1983) DNA staining of fixed and nonfixed plant protoplasts for flow cytometry with Hoechst 33342. Plant Sci Lett 32: 79–88
Sgorbati S, Lucretti S, Lister A, Moretti F, Brown SC (1988) Biparametric DNA-nuclear protein analysis of quiescent, non-cycling differentiated and cycling cells of plant tissues. Basic Appl Histochem 32: 389
Stöhr M, Vogt-Schaden M, Knobloch M, Vogel R, Futterman G (1978) Evaluation of eight fluorochormes combinations for simultaneous DNA-protein flow analysis. Stain Technol 53: 202–215
Ulrich I, Ulrich W (1988) Flow cytometric DNA-analysis of plant protoplasts stained with DAPI. Z Naturforsch 41 c: 1052–1056
—, Fritz B, Ulrich W (1988) Application of DNA fluorochromes for flow cytometric DNA analysis of plant protoplasts. Plant Sci 55: 151–158
Ulrich W (1990) Aneuploid and polyploid cellular heterogeneity in insect cell material and diptera species analyzed by flow cytometry. Z Naturforsch 45 c: 1027–1030
- (1991) Simultaneous measurement of DAPI-Sulforhodamine 101 stained nuclear DNA and protein in higher plants by flow cytometry. Biotechnic Histochem (in press)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ulrich, I., Ulrich, W. High-resolution flow cytometry of nuclear DNA in higher plants. Protoplasma 165, 212–215 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01322292
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01322292