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Measurement of rubber cutting resistance in the absence of friction

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Abstract

A method for assessing the resistance of rubbers to cutting by sharp objects is described. It involves the application of the cutting implement -a razor blade-to the tip of a crack in a stretched tear test piece. The method enables effects of friction on the cutting process to be substantially eliminated. Under these conditions two distinct forms of cutting are observed: one is a slow time-dependent process, while the other involves rapid, “catastropic” failure. Effects of test piece shape and deformation on the cutting behaviour can be taken into account by use of fracture mechanics. The relative cutting resistance of different rubbers is found to vary according to the test conditions. At low deformations the onset of catastrophic cutting can be defined by a simple relationship which is applicable to all rubbers examined.

Résumé

On décrit une méthode pour établir la résistance des caoutchouc à la coupure par des objets affûtés. Cette méthode comporte l'application d'un moyen de coupage (lame de rasoir) à l'extrémité d'une fissure dans une pièce d'essai soumise à déchirement. La méthode permet d'éliminer de manière substantielle les effets de la friction lors du processus de coupure. Sous ces conditions, deux formes distinctes de coupures sont observées: l'une est un processus lent dépendant du temps, tandis que l'autre comporte une rupture rapide et “catastrophique”. En utilisant la mécanique de la rupture, on peut tenir compte des effets de la forme des pièces d'essai et de la déformation sur le comportement lors du coupage. La résistance relative au coupage de différents caoutchoucs parait varier avec les conditions d'essai. Lors de faibles déformations, le démarrage de la coupure dite catastrophique peut être défini par une relation simple qui est applicable dans tous les cas des caoutchoucs examinés.

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Lake, G.J., Yeoh, O.H. Measurement of rubber cutting resistance in the absence of friction. Int J Fract 14, 509–526 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01390472

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