Summary
Experiments for the measurement of electroosmotic pressure, electro-osmotic velocity and streaming potential in the case of kaolinite-water system, have been described and the data analysed in the light of non-equilibrium thermodynamics.Onsagers relations have been shown to be valid. Attempt has been made to explore the domain of validity of linear phenomenological relations.
Analysis of the data has revealed that cross coefficients in the phenomenological equation for water flux, remain constant for a longer range in comparison to the pure coefficients. Consequently nonlinearity in the phenomenological equation for water fluxJ arises in the first instance due to non-constancy of the pure coefficient i.e. hydraulic conductivity. The transport equationJ=L 11ΔP+L 12Δϕ+L 111(ΔP)2 whereΔP andΔϕ represent the pressure difference and potential difference respectively andL 11,L 12 andL 111 are the phenomenological coefficients, has been shown to represent the water flux data in the non-linear region.
Opportunity has also been utilised to study the dependence of phenomenological coefficients on temperature.
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Srivastava, R.C., Avasthi, P.K. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics of electro-osmotic effects in kaolinite-water system. Kolloid-Z.u.Z.Polymere 250, 253–260 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01507611
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01507611