Abstract
This paper reviews epidemiologic studies employing religion as an independent construct, and finds that most epidemiologists have an extremely limited appreciation of religion. After a historical overview of empirical religion and health research, some theoretical considerations are offered, followed by clarification of several operational and methodological issues. Next, well over 200 studies are reviewed from nine health-related areas: cardiovascular disease, hypertension and stroke, colitis and enteritis, general health status, general mortality, cancer of the uterine corpus and cervix, all other non-uterine cancers, morbidity and mortality in the clergy, and cancer in India. Finally, an agenda for further research is proposed.
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King, S.H., and Funkenstein, D.H.,.
Graham, T.W.; Kaplan, B.H.; Cornoni-Huntley, J.C.; et al.,.
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Toor, M.; Agmon, J.; and Allalouf, D., “Changes of Serum Total Lipids. Total Cholesterol and Lipid-Phosphorous in Jewish Yemenite Immigrants after 20 Years in Israel”Bull. Research Council of Israel, 1954,4, 202–203.
Ross, D.C., and Thomas, C.B., “Precursors of Hypertension and Coronary Disease among Healthy Medical Students: Discriminant Function Analysis. III. Using Ethnic Origin as the Criterion, with Observations on Parental Hypertension and Coronary Disease on Religion”Bull. Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1967,117, 37–57.
Armstrong, B.; Van Merwyck, A.J.; and Coates, H., “Blood Pressure in Seventh-Day Adventist Vegetarians,”Amer. J. Epidemiology, 1977,105, 444–449.
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Monk, M.; Mendeloff, A.I.; Siegel, C.I.; and Lilienfeld, A., “An Epidemiological Study of Ulcerative Colitis and Regional Enteritis among Adults in Baltimore—I. Hospital Incidence and Prevalence, 1960 to 1963,”Gastroenterology, 1967,53, 198–210.
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Weiner, H.A., and Lewis, C.M., “Some Notes on the Epidemiology of Non-Specific Ulcerative Colitis: An Apparent Increase in Incidence in Jews,”,Amer. J. Digestive Diseases, 1960,5, 406–418.
Birnbaum, D.; Groen, J.J.; and Kallner, G., “Ulcerative Colitis among the Ethnic Groups in Israel,”AMA Archives of Internal Medicine, 1960,105, 843–848.
Acheson, E.D., and Nefzger, D., “Ulcerative Colitis in the United States Army in 1944: Epidemiology,”Gastroenterology, 1963,44, 7–19.
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Webster, I.W., and Rawson, G.K., “Health Status of Seventh-Day Adventists,”Medical J. Australia, 1979,1, 417–420.
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Lilienfeld, A.M., “Diagnostic and Therapeutic X-Radiation in an Urban Population,”Public Health Reports, 1959,74, 29–35.
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Lemon, F.R., and Walden, R.T., “Death from Respiratory System Disease among Seventh-Day Adventist Men,”JAMA, 1966,198, 117–126.
Dysinger, P.W.; Lemon, F.R.; Crenshaw, G.L.; and Walden, R.T., “Pulmonary Emphysema in a Nonsmoking Population,”Diseases of the Chest, 1963,43, 17–26.
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The authors wish to thank Dr. C. David Jenkins for his comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript.
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Levin, J.S., Schiller, P.L. Is there a religious factor in health?. J Relig Health 26, 9–36 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01533291
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01533291