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The value of age of onset and rectal emptying in predicting the outcome of colectomy for severe idiopathic constipation

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Abstract

We have evaluated the predictive value of pelvic floor dysfunction (as characterized by abnormal contraction during defaecation straining or absent balloon expulsion) and evacuation proctography on symptomatic severe idiopathic constipation after colectomy with ileorectal or colorectal anastomoses for improvement and the use of laxatives. We also determined whether there was a relationship between the age of onset of symptoms and the symptomatic outcome after surgery. Forty-four women (mean age 34 years) were studied. Twenty patients had had a preoperative evacuation proctogram. Of these, 8 evacuated completely and 12 incompletely. Of the 29 patients in whom puborectalis electromyography was performed, 19 had paradoxal contraction on straining. There was no statistical relationship between symptomatic outcome and complete or incomplete evacuation on proctography, the presence or absence of puborectalis paradox or the age of onset of constipation (before or after the age of 10 years). Twenty-five patients had a preoperative balloon expulsion test. Of these, 14 were not able to expel a 50 ml water-filled balloon, and all 14 (100%) still experienced postoperative pain; 8 (57%) were still using laxatives. Of the 11 patients who were able to expel a balloon, 6 (55 %) experienced pain and 1 (11 %) still required laxatives postoperatively. The differences in postoperative pain and laxative requirements between those unable and those able to expel the balloon were statistically significant. Thus the balloon expulsion test may have predictive value when considering colectomy in patients with severe idiopathic constipation.

Résumé

Nous avons évalué la valeur prédictive des dysfonctions du plancher pelvien (caractérisées par une contraction anormale durant les efforts de défécation ou l'absence d'expulsion d'un ballon) et la défécographie sur les constipations idiopathiques sévères après colectomie et anastomose iléo-rectale ou colo-rectale en fonction de l'amélioration et de l'usage des laxatifs. Nous avons aussi déterminé s'il y avait une relation entre l'âge de début des symptomes et l'évolution symptomatique après chirurgie. 44 femmes (âge moyen 34 ans) ont été étudiées. 20 patientes avaient eu une défécographie pré-opératoire et 8 d'entre elles évacuaient complètement, 12 incomplètement. Parmi les 29 patientes ayant eu une électromyographie du muscle pubo-rectal 19 avaient une contraction paradoxale à l'effort. Il n'y avait pas de relation statistique entre l'évolution symptomatique et l'évacuation complète ou incomplète en défécographie, la présence ou l'absence de contractions paradoxales du pubo-rectal ou l'âge de début de la constipation (avant ou après l'âge de 10 ans). 25 patientes avaient eu un test d'expulsion de ballon pré-opératoire. Parmi elles 14 n'expulsaient pas un ballon rempli de 50 ml d'eau et toutes les 14 (100%) se plaignaient encore de douleurs post-opératoires; 8 (57%) utilisaient encore des laxatifs. Parmi les 11 patientes qui étaient capable d'expulser un ballon 6 (55%) se plaignaient de douleurs et 1 (11 %) prenait encore des laxatifs après l'intervention. Les différences entre la douleur postopératoire et le besoin de laxatifs, entre les patientes incapables et celles capables d'expulser un ballon étaient statistiquement significatives. Ainsi le test d'expulsion du ballon peut avoir une valeur prédictive lorsqu'on envisage une colectomie chez les malades atteintes de constipation idiopathique sévère.

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van der Sijp, J.R.M., Kamm, M.A., Bartram, C.I. et al. The value of age of onset and rectal emptying in predicting the outcome of colectomy for severe idiopathic constipation. Int J Colorect Dis 7, 35–37 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01647659

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