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Cefodizime: Enhancement of depressed phagocytosis-associated respiratory burst activity in chronic uremic patients

Cefodizim verstärkt den “Respiratory Burst” bei chronisch urämischen Patienten mit verminderter Phagozytenaktivität

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Summary

Patients with renal failure are highly susceptible to infection, in part because uremia decreases the killing capacity of phagocytic leucocytes. Phagocytosis-associated respiratory burst activity was investigated at different stages of renal impairment by measuring the14CO2 production during metabolism of labeled glucose by phagocytic cells. Non-dialyzed end-stage renal failure and haemodialysis patients showed a decrease in phagocytosis to about 50% of normal (p<0.05). In a second phase of the study, six haemodialysis patients received 2 g cefodizime (CDZ) i.v. after dialysis for ten days (five doses). Phagocytosis was determined at baseline and was followed until day 29. A clear, long-lasting stimulatory effect of CDZ on phagocytosis after both latex and zymosan challenge was found. It is concluded that a usual CDZ dosage regimen stimulates depressed phagocytosis in haemodialysis patients, and that this stimulatory effect persists for at least two weeks after the end of treatment. Uremic patients with infection may benefit from this additional property of CDZ.

Zusammenfassung

Patienten mit Niereninsuffizienz haben eine erhöhte Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Infektionen. Bei Urämie ist die Abtötungskapazität der Phagozyten vermindert. Durch Messung der14CO2-Produktion während der Metabolisierung radioaktiv markierter Glukose durch Phagozyten wurde die bei Phagozytose auftretende “respiratory burst”-Aktivität untersucht. Bei dialysierten und nicht-dialysierten hochgradig niereninsuffizienten Patienten war die Phagozytose auf ca. 50% des Wertes von normalen Probanden vermindert (p<0.05). Im zweiten Teil der Studie erhielten sechs Dialyse-Patienten Cefodizim (CDZ) 2 g i.v. am Ende der Dialyse (fünf mal während zehn Tagen). Die Phagozytoseaktivität wurde vor Behandlungsbeginn und wiederholt bis zum 29. Tag der Studie bestimmt. CDZ entfaltete einen deutlichen und langdauernden stimulierenden Effekt sowohl auf die Latex- als auch auf die Zymosan-induzierte Phagozytose. Schlußfolgerung: ein normales Therapieschema von CDZ führte zu einer relevanten Stimulation der verminderten Phagozytosetätigkeit bei Dialysepatienten. Der Effekt dauerte über mindestens zwei Wochen nach der letzten Dosis von CDZ an und könnte für urämische Patienten, die eine antibiotische Behandlung benötigen, von Vorteil sein.

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Vanholder, R., Ringoir, S. Cefodizime: Enhancement of depressed phagocytosis-associated respiratory burst activity in chronic uremic patients. Infection 20 (Suppl 1), S71–S74 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01709959

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