Abstract
To study the effects of varying mineral content and various trace elements in bone composities on its electrical behavior and possible use in design of transducers, various physical, dielectric, piezoelectric, and electromechanical parameters have been measured. For electrical characterization of various such composites in the high-frequency region (1–108 MHz), variation of impedance (Z), phase angle (tan λ), and relative output voltage with frequency has been examined. Furtherfore, the Curie temperature has been determined and the temperature variation of capacitance and loss factor (tan σ) studied (24–225°C). Two types of bone composites were prepared and studied. First, powdered collagen and apatite obtained from full bone were mixed intimately in various proportions by weight to prepare eleven bone compositions. Second, such bone materials were made to contain 5–10% various doping foreign additives (A1Br3, Na2CO3, SrCO3, LiCO3, Sb2O3, ZnO, Nb2O5, piezoelectric ceramic (PZT), and Pb(NO3)2. It has been observed that a bone composition of 50% collagen + 50% apatite has possible piezoelectric application and other compositions [85% collagen + 15% apatite, 90% collagen + 10% ZnO, and 90% bone + 10% Ba(OH)2] have a sharp rise in capacitance near the Curie temperature. The Curie temperature is generally shifted towards higher values by additives. It is expected that such results will be relevant in characterizing bone behavior.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abendshain, W. F.; Hyatt, G. W. 1970.Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 69, 294–301.
Abendshain, W. F.; Hyatt, G. W. 1970.J. Trauma 12, 297–301.
Andrabi, W. H.; Behari, J. 1981.J. Biomater. 2, 120–123.
Balshin, M. Yu.; Fedotov, S. G. 1964.Sov. Powd. Met. Med. Ceram. 310–312.
Becker, R. O.; Brown, F. M. 1965.Nature (London)206, 1325–1328.
Becker, R. O.; Bassett, C. A. L.; Bechman, C. H. 1964. InBone Dynamics (M. M. Frost, ed.), Little and Brown, Boston, pp. 209–233.
Behari, J.; Andrabi, W. H. 1978.Connect. Tiss. Res. 6, 181–184.
Behari, J.; Rai, D. V.; Jha, R. 1979.Calcif. Tiss. Int. 28, 33–36.
Behari, J.; Singh, S. 1981.Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 19 (1), 49–54.
Behari, J.; Singh, S. 1981.Ultrasonics 19, 87–90.
Coble, R. L.; Kingery, W. D. 1956.J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 39, 377–385.
Cochrain, G. V. B.; Pawluk, R. J.; Bassett, C. A. L. 1968.Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 58, 249–270.
Gjelsvik, A. 1973a.J. Biomech. 6, 69–77.
Gjelsvik, A. 1973b.J. Biomech. 6, 187–193.
Glimcher, M. J. 1959.Rev. Mod. Phys. 31, 359–393.
Katz, J. L. 1971.J. Biomech. 4, 455–473
Leuyon, L. E.; Bourn, Sheila. 1979.J. Bone Joint Surg. 61A, 263–273.
Lees, S. D.; Davidson, C. L. 1977.J. Biomech. 10, 475–486.
Lees, S. 1979.Calcif. Tiss. Int. 27, 53–56.
Marino, A.; Becker, R. 1970.Nature (London)228, 78–79.
Marino, A.; Spadaro, J. A.; Fukada, E.; Kahn, L. D.; Becker, R. O. 1980.Calcif. Tiss. Int. 31, 257–259.
Mascarenhas, S. 1974.Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 238, 36–46.
McAdam, G. D. 1951.J. Iron Steel Inst. 168, 346–358.
Nauman, W. F.; Nauman, M. W. 1953.Chem. Rev. 53, 1–15.
Ryshkawitch, E. J. 1953.J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 36, 65–68.
Schroeder, H. A. 1960.Metal-binding in Medicine (M. J. Seven, ed.) J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 59–67.
Schroeder, H. A. 1960.J. Chron. Dis. 18, 217–283.
Singh, S.; Behari, J.; Rai, D. V. 1981. InUltrasonics Int. (Proceedings of a Symposium) 1981.
Yasuda, I. 1977.Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 124, 53–56.
Zaffe, B.; Cook, W.; Zaffe, H. 1971.In Piezoelectric Ceramics, Academic Press, London and New York, Appendix A, pp. 281–300.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Singh, S., Behari, J. Physical characteristics of bone composite materials. J Biol Phys 12, 1–8 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01857614
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01857614